Peruvian marinera

Calculus Level 4

Let there be a region R : { ( x , y ) x 1 / 4 + y 4 1 } R:\{(x,y) \ | \ x^{1/4}+y^{4} \leq 1\} . What is the volume of the solid generated when R R is rotated around the line x = 0 ? x=0? Give your answer to 3 decimal places.


Note: You may use a calculator for the final step of your calculation.

This question was posed by my calculus teacher as the last and higher value exercise on the third Calculus I test.


The answer is 3.323.

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1 solution

Mikael Marcondes
Jun 27, 2015

Any constant lower than one will satisfy the relation of points to the region, and they will make a set of curves that lies below the curve x 1 / 4 + y 4 = 1 x^{1/4}+y^{4}=1 itself. Inverting domain and image, we would get x ( y ) = ( 1 y 4 ) 4 , y [ 1 , 1 ] x(y)=\left(1-y^{4} \right)^{4}, y \in [-1, 1] . From volumes of rotation theory we know that volume must be:

V R = a b π [ f ( t ) ] 2 d t \displaystyle V_R=\int_{a}^{b} \pi [f(t)]^{2} dt ,

where I = [ a , b ] I=[a,b] is the integration interval, and f ( t ) f(t) is the function to be rotated around horizontal axis. Then:

V R = 1 1 π [ ( 1 y 4 ) 4 ] 2 d y \displaystyle V_R=\int_{-1}^{1} \pi \left[ \left(1-y^{4} \right)^{4} \right]^{2} dy

A glance at x ( y ) x(y) tells us that it's an even function, and we are integrating over a symmetrical interval. Hence:

V R = 2 π 0 1 ( 1 y 4 ) 8 d y \displaystyle V_R=2 \pi \int_{0}^{1} \left(1-y^{4} \right)^{8} dy

Expanding the binomial we get a polynomial, which can be applied to the lower and upper extremes. Thus:

V R = 2 π 0 1 1 8 y 4 + 28 y 8 56 y 12 + 70 y 16 56 y 20 + 28 y 24 8 y 28 + y 32 d y \displaystyle V_R=2 \pi \int_{0}^{1} 1-8y^{4}+28y^{8}-56y^{12}+70y^{16}-56y^{20}+28y^{24}-8y^{28}+y^{32}dy

V R = 2 π ( y 8 5 y 5 + 28 9 y 9 56 13 y 13 + 70 17 y 17 56 21 y 21 + 28 25 y 25 8 29 y 29 + 1 33 y 33 ) 0 1 \displaystyle V_R=2 \pi \left(y-\frac{8}{5}y^{5}+\frac{28}{9}y^{9}-\frac{56}{13}y^{13}+\frac{70}{17}y^{17}-\frac{56}{21}y^{21}+\frac{28}{25}y^{25}-\frac{8}{29}y^{29}+\frac{1}{33}y^{33} \right) \biggr \rvert _0^1

Therefore:

V R = 2 π ( 1 8 5 + 28 9 56 13 + 70 17 56 21 + 28 25 8 29 + 1 33 ) \boxed{\displaystyle V_R=2 \pi \left(1-\frac{8}{5}+\frac{28}{9}-\frac{56}{13}+\frac{70}{17}-\frac{56}{21}+\frac{28}{25}-\frac{8}{29}+\frac{1}{33} \right)}

My calculus teacher would accept this answer, but on Brilliant you need to give a numerical answer. A calculator easily computes it as V R = 3.323 \boxed{V_R=3.323}

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