Pi Circuit

An RLC pi circuit is energized by a DC voltage source on one side, and loaded by a resistor on the other side. At time t = 0 t = 0 , the inductor and capacitors are de-energized. Let I S ( t ) I_S (t) be the current flowing out of the voltage source.

Determine the following integral:

0 20 ( I S ( t ) 10 3 ) d t \int_0^{20} \Big( I_S(t) - \frac{10}{3} \Big) \, dt

Details and Assumptions:

  1. V S = 10 \ V_S = 10
  2. R S = 1 \ R_S = 1
  3. L = C 1 = C 2 = 1 \ L = C_1 = C_2 = 1
  4. R = 2 \ R = 2


The answer is 7.777.

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1 solution

Karan Chatrath
Dec 7, 2019

Circuit equations using Kirchoff's laws:

I S = I 1 + I L I_S = I_1 + I_L I L = I 2 + I R I_L = I_2 + I_R q ˙ 1 = I 1 \dot{q}_1 = I_1 q ˙ 2 = I 2 \dot{q}_2 = I_2 V S + I S R S + q 1 C 1 = 0 -V_S + I_SR_S + \frac{q_1}{C_1}=0 q 1 C 1 + L I ˙ L + q 2 C 2 = 0 -\frac{q_1}{C_1} + L\dot{I}_L + \frac{q_2}{C_2}=0 I R R = q 2 C 2 I_RR = \frac{q_2}{C_2}

This time, I am omitting the details of recasting equations into a state-space form. Initial conditions:

q 1 ( 0 ) = q 2 ( 0 ) = I L ( 0 ) = I 2 ( 0 ) = I R ( 0 ) = 0 ; I 1 ( 0 ) = 10 q_1(0) = q_2(0) = I_L(0) = I_2(0) = I_R(0) = 0 \ ; \ I_1(0) = 10

Numerically integration gives the required answer as 7.777 \boxed{7.777} . The value 10 3 \frac{10}{3} happens to be the steady-state source current which can be found by simply inspecting the circuit.

I will update the solution if more details are requested. As for the plot of source current vs. time, I have not attached one, but it is easy to conclude by inspection that the current I S I_S starts at a value of 10 A 10A at t = 0 t=0 and decays to a steady-state value of 10 3 A \frac{10}{3}A after a long time. Due to the dynamics of the circuit, it is observed that the decay of current happens in an under-damped manner.

This circuit is referred to as a 'pi' circuit. Why is it called so?

Karan Chatrath - 1 year, 6 months ago

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The L C LC portion looks like the symbol π \pi

Steven Chase - 1 year, 6 months ago

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