For all positive integer n , let a n be defined as
a n = k = 1 ∑ n n 2 1 + ( n 2 − ( k − 1 ) 2 − n 2 − k 2 ) 2
Find ⌊ n → ∞ lim a n ⌋ .
Notation: ⌊ ⋅ ⌋ denotes the floor function .
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@Nilotpal Chakraborty , You do not need to put text in LaTex. It is difficult, not necessary look better and not a standard in Brilliant.org. Use \lim so that it is not in italic. You use too many parentheses.
I think this is a picture of the solution, right.
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@Hana Wehbi yes ma'am. As you let 'n' to tend infinity, total length of green lines will approximate yellow curve's length, thereby multiplying by 4 gives us the circumference of the circle of radius 'r' .
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L e t , r ∈ R + b e a n y e l e m e n t . L e t u s d e f i n e a f u n c t i o n , f : [ 0 , r ] → [ 0 , r ] d e f i n e d b y , f ( x ) = r 2 − x 2 n o w , n ⟶ ∞ l im a n = n ⟶ ∞ l im ∑ k = 1 n n 2 ( [ 1 + { n 2 − ( k − 1 ) 2 − n 2 − k 2 } 2 ] ) = 2 r 4 n ⟶ ∞ l im ∑ k = 1 n ( [ ( n k − 1 r − n k r ) 2 + { f ( n k − 1 r ) − f ( n k r ) } 2 ] ) = 2 r 2 π r = π H e n c e , ⌊ n ⟶ ∞ l im a n ⌋ = ⌊ π ⌋ = ⌊ 3 . 1 4 1 5 9 2 6 5 3 5 9 . . . ⌋ = 3