playing with triangles

Find the number of isosceles triangles with integer sides when no side exceeds 1994. Include equilateral triangles in your count.


The answer is 2982027.

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1 solution

Adarsh Kumar
Oct 9, 2014

Let the equal sides of the isosceles triangle be x x and the third side be y . y. First restriction: x 1994 x\leq1994 ,second restriction: y 1994. y\leq1994. Now,because we have to form a triangle,these conditions need to be fulfilled: x + x > y x+x>y (triangle inequality), x + y > x , x + y > x . x+y>x,x+y>x. But the second and the third equations are the same,so now we only need to fulfill these two equations: x + x > y , x + y > x . x+x>y,x+y>x. But the second inequality is true as long as y y is positive.So,that leaves us us with one equation: 2 x > y . 2x>y. Now,we take x = 1994 3988 > y . x=1994\Longrightarrow 3988>y. But we know that y 1994. y\leq1994. Thus,there are 1994 values of y y which satisfy the conditions.Thus,1994 triangles can be formed.Now,we take x = 1993 3986 > y . x=1993\Longrightarrow 3986>y. But y 1994. y\leq1994. Thus,again y y has 1994 values.As long as 2 x > 1994 2x>1994 y y will have 1994 values. 2 x > 1994 2x>1994 as long as x > 997. x>997. Thus, values of x x from 1994 998 1994--998 y y can take up 1994 values.That is a total of 1994 ( 997 ) = 1988018. 1994*(997)=1988018. Now,let us consider values of x x for which 2 x = 1994 2x=1994 That value is 997 1994 > y . 997\Longrightarrow 1994>y. Thus y y can have 1993 1993 values.Now,let us consider cases for which 2 x < 1994. 2x<1994. The first value of x x that satisfies this condition is 996 996 .Putting x = 996 x=996 we get that 1992 > y . 1992>y. Thus there are 1991 possibilities for y . y. Calculate the next one and you get that there are 1991 1991 possibilities for y . y. This is a series which will continue till 1. 1. Thus,total = 1993 + 1991 + . . . . . . 1 = 997 2 1994 = 994009. =1993+1991+......1=\dfrac{997}{2}*1994=994009. Thus,total = 1988018 + 994009 = 2982027 . =1988018+994009=\boxed{2982027}.

Nice solution. Many people miss the "special" counting for cases 2 x < 1994 2x < 1994 , which can be hard to visualize.

Another approach is to define the set of points as 1 x 1994 , 1 y 1994 , y 2 x 1 1 \leq x \leq 1994, 1 \leq y \leq 1994, y \leq 2x-1 , and then use Pick's Theorem to count the number of lattice points in the interior + boundary.

Calvin Lin Staff - 6 years, 7 months ago

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@Calvin Lin sir will you please explain this theorem more ?? It seems to be more interesting. And I didn't know this concept..!

Karan Shekhawat - 6 years, 7 months ago

Doesn't this include equilateral triangles as well

Alok Mittal - 6 years, 8 months ago

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yes,it does sir,but in a way equilateral triangles are isosceles too.

Adarsh Kumar - 6 years, 8 months ago

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You are right. I wish it weren't - like to think of triangles as scalene, isosceles or equilateral - mutual exclusivity would be nice :-)

Alok Mittal - 6 years, 8 months ago

Without equilateral triangles, the answer should be 2980033

Alok Mittal - 6 years, 8 months ago

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