Two sources ( S and R ) feed a segment of transmission line from both ends. Each source consists of an ideal AC voltage source in series with an impedance. The transmission line segment consists of a series resistive/inductive impedance and two shunt capacitive impedances.
The voltage angle of source S is greater than that of source R . As a result, source S supplies active power (watts), and source R consumes the majority of this power. But there are some losses due to the resistance of the transmission line.
What is the ratio of the active power consumed by source R to the active power supplied by source S ?
Details and Assumptions:
1)
V
S
=
1
0
+
j
4
2)
V
R
=
1
0
+
j
0
3)
Z
S
=
Z
R
=
0
+
j
1
4)
Z
C
=
0
−
j
5
5)
Z
L
=
1
+
j
2
6)
The quantity
j
is the imaginary unit
7)
See
this link
for a definition of active power
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Indeed, and it is also the case that P S + P R = ∣ I L ∣ 2 R e ( Z L ) , since the line is the only thing in the circuit with resistance.
Actually, a more common convention is:
S S = V S I S ∗ S R = V R I R ∗ P S = R e ( S S ) P R = R e ( S R )
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Oh, yes. I see the same nomenclature in the wiki page as well. Thanks for the feedback.
@Karan Chatrath
Sir I just noticed that
2
6
+
1
Happy Birthday sir.
May you live more than 100 years.
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Thank you so much, Neeraj! I really appreciate the wishes
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I got lucky while solving this one. Let the current through the left Z C branch be I C 1 and that through the right Z C branch be I C 2 . The circuit equations by applying Kirchoff's current and voltage law are:
Z S I S + I C 1 Z C = V S Z L I L + I C 2 Z C − I C 1 Z C = 0 Z R I R + I C 2 Z C = V R I S = I L + I C 1 I C 2 = I L + I R
Rearranging into a matrix form gives:
⎣ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎡ Z S 0 0 1 0 0 Z L 0 − 1 1 0 0 Z R 0 1 Z C − Z C 0 − 1 0 0 Z C Z C 0 − 1 ⎦ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎤ ⎣ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎡ I S I L I R I C 1 I C 2 ⎦ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎤ = ⎣ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎡ V S 0 V R 0 0 ⎦ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎤
⟹ ⎣ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎡ I S I L I R I C 1 I C 2 ⎦ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎤ = ⎣ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎡ Z S 0 0 1 0 0 Z L 0 − 1 1 0 0 Z R 0 1 Z C − Z C 0 − 1 0 0 Z C Z C 0 − 1 ⎦ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎤ − 1 ⎣ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ ⎡ V S 0 V R 0 0 ⎦ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎥ ⎤
Now, as per the link, the power supplied by the sources S and R are:
P S = I S ∗ V S P R = I R ∗ V R
The superscript ∗ indicates complex conjugate, which is what I was not doing in my initial attempts.
It turns out that the real part of P S (active power component) is positive which means that power is supplied, and that of P R is negative which means that power is consumed. The required answer is, therefore:
r e a l ( P S ) − r e a l ( P R ) ≈ 0 . 9 1 8 4