Prime Power in Triple-Factorial

Number Theory Level pending

Find the largest integer e e such that 1 1 e 11^e divides by 2017 ! ! ! 2017!!! .

Clarification: ! ! ! !!! denotes the triple factorial notation. In this case, 2017 ! ! ! = 2017 × 2014 × 2011 × × 1 2017!!! = 2017 \times 2014 \times 2011 \times \cdots \times 1 .


The answer is 67.

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1 solution

By definition of Multifactorial, 2017 ! ! ! = 2017 × 2014 × 2011 × × 4 × 1 2017!!!= 2017 \times 2014 \times 2011 \times \cdots{ } \cdots{ } \cdots{ }\times 4 \times 1 .

Let n n be any factor in RHS of the last equation. Of course, n 1 n \equiv 1 ( m o d 3 ) (\mod 3) .

Now n n contributes a 1 1 to the total power of 11 11 when n 0 n \equiv 0 ( m o d 11 ) (\mod 11) . But the system of linear congruences with the congruences n 1 n \equiv 1 ( m o d 3 ) (\mod 3) and n 0 n \equiv 0 ( m o d 11 ) (\mod 11) has, by Chinese Remainder Theorem , n 22 n \equiv 22 ( m o d 33 ) (\mod 33) as its solution. As 2017 33 = 61 \lfloor \dfrac{2017}{33}\rfloor=61 and 2017 m o d 33 = 4 < 22 2017 \mod 33=4 <22 , number of such n n is 61 61 .

Again, n n contributes an additional 1 1 to the total power of 11 11 when n 0 n \equiv 0 ( m o d 1 1 2 ) (\mod 11^2) . Generally speaking, n n contributes an additional 1 1 to the total power of 11 11 when n 0 n \equiv 0 ( m o d 1 1 k ) (\mod 11^k) , for k 1 k\geq 1 .

As 1 1 4 > 2017 11^4 > 2017 , we test for k = 1 , 2 k=1,2 and 3 3 .

For k = 1 k=1 , we've already found the number of such n n is 61 61 .

Similarly, For k = 2 k=2 , the number of such n n is 6 6 .

And For k = 3 k=3 , the number of such n n is 0 0 .

So, e = 61 + 6 + 0 = 67 e=61+6+0=\boxed{67} .

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