Primes of the form 10^n + 1

1 0 0 + 1 = 2 10^0 + 1 = 2 (prime)
1 0 1 + 1 = 11 10^1 + 1 = 11 (prime)
1 0 2 + 1 = 101 10^2 + 1 = 101 (prime)

The Question: What is the next n n where 1 0 n + 1 10 ^ n + 1 is prime?


Optional Question: If there is a 4th prime, what kind of number will n n be?

8192 101 3 11 Unknown

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1 solution

Jonathan Pappas
Apr 6, 2021

Since a n + 1 a^{n} + 1 is factorable when n n is odd, numbers of the form ( 1 0 n + 1 ) 2 m + 1 + 1 (10^{n+1})^{2m+1} + 1 are factorable because 2 m + 1 2m+1 is always odd.

Also, numbers 1 0 n + 1 10^n + 1 are all factors of 1 0 3 n + 2 + 1 10^{3n + 2} + 1 because:
- 11 91 = 1001 11 * 91 = 1001
- 101 9901 = 1000001 101 * 9901 = 1000001
- 1001 999001 = 1000000001 1001 * 999001 = 1000000001
- 10001 99990001 = 1000000000001 10001 * 99990001 = 1000000000001
- etc.

This leaves us to look at numbers where n = 1 , 3 , 7 , 15 , 31 , . . . n = 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, ... which is equivalent to 1 0 2 n + 1 10^{2^n} + 1 which turns out to be the Fermat Numbers written in base 2 !

Some of these numbers have been factorized here . It is unknown whether or not any are prime besides 11 11 and 101 101 .

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