An integer from 100 through 999, inclusive, is to be chosen at random. What is the probability that the number chosen will have 0 as at least one digit?
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There are 9 0 0 positive intgerer with three digits. So if there is x number of three digit positive intgeres which not contain 0 , then the answer is: 9 0 0 9 0 0 − x .
Now we find the value of x . It is clear that each digit of these numbers is from 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , so x = 9 3 = 7 2 9 .
From that the probality is: 9 0 0 9 0 0 − 7 2 9 = 9 0 0 1 7 1
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There are 1 9 numbers containing at least one zero from 1 0 0 − 1 9 9 inclusive. That means that we have the same number in each hundred from x 0 0 − x 9 9 where x ranges from 2 − 9 .
Hence, the total number of integers from 1 0 0 − 9 9 9 inclusive that have at least one zero is 9 ( 1 9 ) = 1 7 1 .
The total number of integers in the set 1 0 0 − 9 9 9 is 9 9 9 − 1 0 0 + 1 = 9 0 0 .
Therefore, the probability is 9 0 0 1 7 1 .