It Might Not Exist

Calculus Level 2

f ( x ) = { 3 x 1 , if x 1 2 x + 3 , if x < 1 , g ( x ) = { 3 x , if x < 2 2 x 3 , if x 2 f(x) = \begin{cases} 3x-1 , \quad \text{ if } x\geq1 \\ 2x+3, \quad \text{ if } x<1 \end{cases}, \quad \quad g(x) = \begin{cases} 3-x ,\; \; \quad \text{ if } x<2 \\ 2x-3, \quad \text{ if } x\geq2 \end{cases}

Consider the two piecewise functions as shown above. Compute lim x 2 f ( g ( x ) ) \displaystyle \lim_{x\to2} f(g(x)) .

Submit -1000 as your answer if you think that the limit fails to exist.


The answer is 2.

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2 solutions

Chung Kevin
Mar 3, 2016

If we want to compute the two-sided limits , we first need to compute both their one-sided limits. In this case, if lim x 2 f ( g ( x ) ) = lim x 2 + f ( g ( x ) ) = L \displaystyle \lim_{x\to2^-} f(g(x)) = \lim_{x\to2^+} f(g(x)) = L for some finite L L , then the limit in question exists and is equal to L L .

Let us solve the left hand limit first:

lim x 2 f ( g ( x ) ) = lim x 2 f ( 3 x ) , if x 2 , then 3 x 1 + = lim x 2 3 ( 3 x ) 1 = 3 ( 3 2 ) 1 = 2 \begin{aligned} \displaystyle \lim_{x\to2^-} f(g(x)) &=& \displaystyle \lim_{x\to 2^-} f(3-x) , \qquad \because \text{ if } x\to2^- , \text{ then } 3-x \to 1^+ \\ &=& \displaystyle \lim_{x\to 2^-} 3(3-x) - 1 \\ &=& 3(3-2) - 1 = 2 \end{aligned}

Similarly, for the right hand limit:

lim x 2 + f ( g ( x ) ) = lim x 2 + f ( 2 x 3 ) , if x 2 + , then 2 x 3 1 + = lim x 2 + 3 ( 2 x 3 ) 1 = 3 ( 2 2 3 ) 1 = 2 \begin{aligned} \displaystyle \lim_{x\to2^+} f(g(x)) &=& \displaystyle \lim_{x\to 2^+} f(2x-3) , \qquad \because \text{ if } x\to2^+ , \text{ then } 2x-3\to 1^+ \\ &=& \displaystyle \lim_{x\to 2^+} 3(2x-3) - 1 \\ &=& 3(2\cdot2 - 3) - 1 = 2 \end{aligned}

Since lim x 2 f ( g ( x ) ) = lim x 2 + f ( g ( x ) ) \displaystyle \lim_{x\to2^-} f(g(x)) = \lim_{x\to2^+} f(g(x)) is indeed fulfilled, then the limit in question, lim x 2 f ( g ( x ) ) \displaystyle \lim_{x\to2} f(g(x)) , exists and is equal to 2 \boxed2 .

When x = 2 x=2 , then f ( x ) = 3 x 1 f(x) =3x-1 and g ( x ) = 2 x 3 g(x) =2x-3 . Therefore,

lim x 2 f ( g ( x ) ) = lim x 2 3 ( 2 x 3 ) 1 = 3 ( 4 3 ) 1 = 2 \begin{aligned} \lim_{x \to 2} f(g(x)) & = \lim_{x \to 2} 3(2x-3)-1 \\ & =3(4-3)-1=\boxed{2} \end{aligned}

Nicely shown. Upvoted.

Adding completeness to your solution would be the step where the case works for limit tending to 2 (+) and 2(-) would be shown.

For both cases the limit will tend to 2, hence the answer.

Pulkit Gupta - 5 years, 3 months ago

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