f
(
z
)
=
(
z
−
1
z
)
2
(
∫
0
∞
e
−
x
z
d
x
)
(
∫
0
∞
e
−
y
z
/
(
z
−
1
)
d
y
)
has infinitely many singularities over the real line.
Find the largest value of z such that there is a singularity at z and
z + → z + lim f ( z + ) = z − → z − lim f ( z − )
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Using the subsitution u = t n , we get that
∫ 0 ∞ e − t n d t = n 1 ∫ 0 ∞ e − u u n 1 − 1 d u = n 1 Γ ( n 1 )
where Γ is the gamma function.
Thus, our function quickly collapses into
f ( z ) = ( z − 1 z ) 2 ( z 1 Γ ( z 1 ) ) ( z z − 1 Γ ( 1 − z 1 ) ) = z − 1 Γ ( z 1 ) Γ ( 1 − z 1 )
Using Euler's reflection formula for the gamma function, the function is reduced again to
f ( z ) = ( z − 1 ) sin ( π / z ) π
Looking at the denominator's zeroes, we can see that z = ± 1 1 , ± 2 1 , ± 3 1 , … satisfy the requirement of singularity.
However, of all our z , only for z = 1 do both limits go to + ∞ . Hence, our answer is then z = 0 . 5 .