Properties of triangles and circles!

Geometry Level pending

Consider the above figure with:

m A B C = 3 7 m\angle ABC=37 ^ \circ

A B = 975 AB=975

C E = 900 CE=900

A E \overline{AE} is the perpendicular bisector of C D \overline{CD} , and the angle bisector of C A D \angle CAD

Point A A is the center of the circle

A E = z AE=z

m E A D + m E C A = y m\angle EAD+m\angle ECA=y ^\circ

z y \frac{z}{y} , in its simplest form, can be written as a b \frac{a}{b}

a b = x a-b=x

What is the value of x x ?


The answer is 19.

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1 solution

Robert Haywood
Nov 22, 2014

This probably looks like a lot of work, but honestly, you could do the whole thing in your head...

Let's start by finding y y . The first thing I notice is that I need to find the measure of C A D \angle CAD , because A E AE bisects the angle, so to find m E A D m\angle EAD , i'd just divide by two. What I notice immediately is that C ^ D \widehat CD subtends both C A D \angle CAD AND C B A \angle CBA . Lucky for me, there's a theorem for that: the central angle subtended by two points on a circle is twice the inscribed angle subtended by those points. The inscribed angle is C B A \angle CBA , which is of course equal to 3 7 37 ^ \circ . 37 2 = m C A D 37*2=m\angle CAD . But hey, later on I am going to divide that same angle by 2 to get m E A D m\angle EAD ! So now, if we divide on both sides, we have 37 = m C A D 2 37=\frac{m\angle CAD}{2} , and we can use the substitution property (since m E A D = m C A D 2 m\angle EAD=\frac{m\angle CAD}{2} ) to get m E A D = 3 7 m\angle EAD=37 ^ \circ . C A D \triangle CAD is isosceles since it is created by two radii. This means that the base angles are congruent. With the Triangle Sum Theorem, we can set this up as 180 74 = m A C D 2 180-74=m\angle ACD*2 . Solving this, we get m A C D = 5 3 m\angle ACD=53 ^ \circ . Since y = m E A D + m A C D y=m\angle EAD+m\angle ACD , we can substitute y = 37 + 53 y=37+53 , and we get y = 90 y=90 .

Now, to find z z , which is the length of A E AE . C E = E D CE=ED , since it is bisected by A E AE (There's a theorem about radii perpendicular to chords, but I decided to make it a perpendicular bisector anyways). So E D = 900 ED=900 . A D = 975 AD=975 because it is a radius, like A B = 975 AB=975 . A E AE is perpendicular to E D ED , and we see that this creates a right triangle! But how can we solve for such big numbers? The first thing that we always look for is a Pythagorean triple, and we look for proof that it is just one of the first few triples multiplied by something! I try dividing the hypotenuse by 5, and E D ED by 4, then 3. Do any of the results match up? Nope! I get 195, 225, and 300. So, I will move on to the next triple, 5-12-13. Dividing 975 by 13, I get 75. Dividing 900 by 12, I also get 75. This coincidence shows us that A E = 5 75 = 375 = z AE=5*75=375=z . So, z = 375 z=375 .

Now we have z = 375 z=375 and y = 90 y=90 . We can put these together in the fraction 375 90 \frac{375}{90} , which, in simplest form, would be 25 6 \frac{25}{6} .

So, a = 25 a=25 and b = 6 b=6 . All we need to do is subtract 25 6 = 19 25-6=\boxed{19} .

So 19 \boxed{19} is the answer!

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