I = ∫ 0 2 π 1 + 3 tan ( x ) 1 d x
The integral above has a closed form. Find the value of this closed form.
Submit your answer as ⌊ 1 0 0 0 I ⌋ .
This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try
refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and,
finally, (c)
loading the
non-javascript version of this page
. We're sorry about the hassle.
Nice! I was so quick to break apart the tan ( x ) into sin and cos that I didn't stop to consider just outright making the integrating backwards substitution. +1
Log in to reply
Nice problem.
Agreed, very nice! No puking involved here :)
Also easily extends to the I ( a ) generalization.
With definite integrals of trigonometric functions, it sometimes helps to verify that symmetry / even-odd functions can help to simplify the problem.
Let I ( a ) = ∫ 0 2 π 1 + tan a ( x ) d x
Using the fact that tan ( x ) = cos ( x ) sin ( x ) :
I ( a ) = ∫ 0 2 π 1 + cos a ( x ) sin a ( x ) d x = ∫ 0 2 π cos a ( x ) cos a ( x ) + sin a ( x ) d x = ∫ 0 2 π cos a ( x ) + sin a ( x ) cos a ( x ) d x
Now, let's integrate backwards, letting x = 2 π − u , and d u = − d x .
I ( a ) = ∫ 2 π 0 − cos a ( 2 π − u ) + sin a ( 2 π − u ) cos a ( 2 π − u ) d u = ∫ 0 2 π cos a ( u ) + sin a ( u ) sin a ( u ) d u
Now adding the first and second expressions for I ( a ) :
2 I ( a ) = ∫ 0 2 π cos a ( x ) + sin a ( x ) cos a ( x ) d x + cos a ( x ) + sin a ( x ) sin a ( x ) d x = ∫ 0 2 π d x = 2 π I ( a ) = 4 π
Our original integral is simply I ( 3 − 1 ) = 4 π
I = 4 π ≈ . 7 8 5 3 , so ⌊ 1 0 0 0 I ⌋ = 7 8 5 .
Problem Loading...
Note Loading...
Set Loading...
I = ∫ 0 2 π 1 + 3 tan x 1 d x = 2 1 ∫ 0 2 π 1 + 3 tan x 1 1 + 1 + 3 tan ( 2 π − x ) 1 1 d x = 2 1 ∫ 0 2 π 3 tan x + 1 3 tan x + 1 + 3 cot x 1 1 d x = 2 1 ∫ 0 2 π 3 tan x + 1 3 tan x + 1 + 3 tan x 1 d x = 2 1 ∫ 0 2 π 1 d x = 4 π Using identity ∫ a b f ( x ) d x = ∫ a b f ( a + b − x ) d x
⟹ ⌊ 1 0 0 0 I ⌋ = ⌊ 1 0 0 0 × 4 π ⌋ = 7 8 5