Pulley From The Other World

A block of mass 2 kg 2 \text{kg} is to be lifted with constant velocity by applying force F F down the rope that passes over a pulley having coefficient of friction μ \mu w.r.t. the rope. If the pull required for this (in Newtons) is X X , evaluate X \lfloor{X}\rfloor .

Details and Assumptions
1) The pulley and rope are massless.
2) μ = 2 \mu=2
3) Take g = 10 m s 1 g=10 ms^{-1} .
4) The force is applied vertically downwards.
5) . \lfloor.\rfloor denotes the Greatest Integer Function.


The answer is 10709.

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3 solutions

Deepanshu Gupta
Nov 14, 2014

Really This is an Interesting question ! @Ishan Singh create very good question Finally I'm able to solved This question after a wrong attempt .

See Following Images first carefully !

Image-1 Image-1

Image-2 Image-2


Since small rope element which we consider is in equilibrium ( Moving with constant velocity ) So we Balanced Forces in X and Y direction Respectively.


X-axis :

( T + d T ) cos ( d θ 2 ) = T cos ( d θ 2 ) + d f n e t cos ( d θ 2 ) 1 d T = d f n e t . . . ( 1 ) (T\quad +\quad dT)\cos { (\cfrac { d\theta }{ 2 } ) } \quad \quad =\quad \quad T\cos { (\cfrac { d\theta }{ 2 } ) } \quad +\quad { df }_{ net }\quad \quad \\ \\ \because \quad \cos { (\cfrac { d\theta }{ 2 } ) } \quad \approx \quad 1\\ \\ \Rightarrow \quad dT\quad =\quad { df }_{ net }\quad \quad \quad .\quad .\quad .\quad (1) .


Y-axis :

T sin d θ 2 + ( T + d T ) sin d θ 2 = N sin d θ 2 d θ 2 T d θ + d T ( d θ 2 ) = N d T ( d θ 2 ) 0 T d θ = N . . . . ( 2 ) T\sin { \cfrac { d\theta }{ 2 } } \quad +\quad (T\quad +\quad dT)\sin { \cfrac { d\theta }{ 2 } } \quad =\quad N\\ \\ \because \quad \quad \sin { \cfrac { d\theta }{ 2 } } \approx \quad \cfrac { d\theta }{ 2 } \\ \\ \Rightarrow \quad Td\theta \quad +\quad dT(\cfrac { d\theta }{ 2 } )\quad =\quad N\\ \\ \because \quad dT(\cfrac { d\theta }{ 2 } )\quad \approx \quad 0\\ \\ \Rightarrow \quad Td\theta \quad =\quad N\quad \quad .\quad .\quad .\quad .\quad (2) .


Also

d f n e t = μ N . . . . ( 3 ) { df }_{ net }\quad =\quad \mu N\quad \quad .\quad .\quad .\quad .\quad (3) .


using all 3 equations we get relation :

d T T = μ d θ m g F d T T = μ 0 π d θ F = m g × e π μ = 10709.3 Q . E . D \cfrac { dT }{ T } \quad =\quad \mu d\theta \\ \\ \int _{ mg }^{ F }{ \quad \cfrac { dT }{ T } } \quad =\quad \mu \int _{ 0 }^{ \pi }{ d\theta } \\ \\ F\quad =\quad mg{ \times e }^{ \pi \mu }\quad =\quad 10709.3\quad \\ \\ Q.E.D .

Wow!What a solution. It is really very elegant. I admire you a lot. @Deepanshu Gupta

Anuj Shikarkhane - 6 years, 7 months ago

The relation between tension at the slag and tight sides is given below where the angle of lap is in radians, here it is π . T t = e μ π T s \pi. \\ T_t= e^{\mu*\pi}*T_s \\
This is well known relation that Deepanshu Gupta has proved.

Niranjan Khanderia - 6 years, 6 months ago

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Exactly, it is very well known. Is it taught in engineering courses,sir?

Swapnil Das - 4 years, 6 months ago

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It is the well known Capstan Equation Relating tensions across a rope on a pulley having friction

Suhas Sheikh - 3 years ago

  1. This problem is incorrectly worded. A "pulley" is a wheel on an axle that can rotate. Here the rope passes over a fixed cylinder.
  2. It does not make any sense to specify a coefficient of friction as large as 2. It makes the "correct" answer utterly un-physical.
  3. It does not make any sense to expect the numerical answer to be correct to five significant digits, especially when you use g=10m/s^2.

Laszlo Mihaly - 3 years, 10 months ago

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Whilst the theory is right, you have injected some common sense in to this problem. Thank you. The principal is right, though. Two loops around almost any fixed cylinder is as good tied in place.

Ed Sirett - 3 years, 10 months ago

This problem has been derived from Problem 2.24 of Introduction to Mechanics by Kleppner and Kolenkow. While I was suspecting this method will be used , I didn't try it because the answer was too large.

Bhaskar Kumawat - 5 years, 9 months ago

This is a very very sticky pulley, essentially it is a stuck fast. Values of CoF for a polypropylene rope over polished (if it does start that would become so soon!) steel would be much less than 1.

Ed Sirett - 4 years, 7 months ago

Yeah I did it the same way Excellent qn...

saptarshi dasgupta - 4 years, 2 months ago

THIS ANALYSIS IS FALSE BECUASE : 1-WE NEED TO LIFT 20 N BY FORCE = 10709.3N IS TO MUCH. 2-THERE IS NO SENSE IN THIS ANALYSIS RESULT.

محمد فكرى - 6 years, 5 months ago

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No, it is correct since we are also taking into account the friction between pulley and string.

Samuel Jones - 5 years, 11 months ago
Krishna Sharma
Oct 26, 2014

Try to prove

X = m g × e π μ \displaystyle mg \times e^{\pi \mu}

μ \mu - frictinal coefficient

can anyone give a full solution @krishna sharma

Mardokay Mosazghi - 6 years, 7 months ago

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I uploaded that! You may refer to that @Mardokay Mosazghi

Deepanshu Gupta - 6 years, 7 months ago

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thank you very much

Mardokay Mosazghi - 6 years, 7 months ago

only thing bothering me is the angle, i think it would be slightly less than pi and we cannot neglect it since it varies exponentially .

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