Pure Congruency and Similarity.

Geometry Level 4

Let A B C ABC be a triangle with A C B C AC \neq BC and let I I be its in-centre. The line B I BI meets A C AC at D D , and the line through D D perpendicular to A C AC meets A I AI at E E . Given that the reflection of I I in A C AC lies on the circumcircle of triangle B D E BDE and A B = 10 AB = 10 units, find the length of the side A C AC .


The answer is 10.

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1 solution

It's IMO G4. I am posting my reverse solution on AoPS. Let J J be the reflection of I I in the line A C AC and A I B C = P . AI \cap BC = P. In Δ B I P , \Delta BIP, we have: I B I P = s i n 9 0 s i n I B P \dfrac{IB}{IP} = \dfrac{sin90^{\circ}}{sin \angle IBP}

I B 2 × I P = 1 2 × s i n 45 A / 4 \dfrac{IB}{2 \times IP} = \dfrac{1}{2 \times sin \angle 45 - A/4}

I B I J = 1 2 × s i n [ 45 A / 4 ] 1 \dfrac{IB}{IJ} = \dfrac{1}{2 \times sin[ \angle 45 - A/4]} --1

In Δ E D I , \Delta EDI, we have:: D E D I = D E D J = s i n 45 + A / 4 s i n 90 + A / 2 = s i n 45 + A / 4 s i n 2 × 45 + A / 4 = s i n 45 + A / 4 2 × [ s i n 45 + A / 4 ] [ c o s 45 + A / 4 ] = 1 2 × [ s i n 45 A / 4 ] \dfrac{DE}{DI} = \dfrac{DE}{DJ} = \dfrac{sin 45 + A/4}{sin 90+A/2} = \dfrac{sin 45 + A/4}{sin 2 \times 45 + A/4} = \dfrac{sin 45 + A/4}{2 \times [sin 45 + A/4][cos 45 +A/4]} = \dfrac{1}{2 \times [sin 45 - A/4]} 2 --2

Now, angle chasing is telling us that B I J = E D J \angle BIJ = EDJ Therefore, from [ 1 ] , [ 2 ] [1] , [2] we get Δ B I J Δ E D I = > J B I = J B D = J E D = > B E D I \Delta BIJ \sim \Delta EDI => \angle JBI = \angle JBD = \angle JED => BEDI is cyclic.

We can also backup the whole trig part through some constructions like producing side I P IP to increase its length by a factor of 2 2 and also reflecting D E DE to a point on A P AP such that D E = D E DE' = DE . Now prove the two new triangles similar.

Note : The statement of the problem asks for converse.

Yeah, rightly said.

Priyanshu Mishra - 3 years, 9 months ago

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