The value of
n → ∞ lim i = 1 ∏ 2 0 1 4 ( 1 + n i ) n
can be expressed as e x for some number x.What are the last three digits of x?
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It is a well known fact that
n → ∞ lim ( 1 + n i ) n = e i
for some constant i.That can be proved by using the Taylor series for e x and expanding with the binomial formula and taking the limit as n approaches infinity.Then our product will be
e . e 2 . e 3 . . . . e 2 0 1 4 = e 1 0 0 7 . 2 0 1 5 .Taking mod 1000 we get the answer 1 0 5 .
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We'll use the well known identity n → ∞ lim ( 1 + n k ) n = e k Therefore n → ∞ lim i = 1 ∏ 2 0 1 4 ( 1 + n i ) n = i = 1 ∏ 2 0 1 4 e i = e ∑ i = 1 2 0 1 4 i = e 2 0 2 9 1 0 5
The desired answer is, therefore, 1 0 5 .