Quadratic game!

Algebra Level 4

Find the limits between which a a must lie in order that a x 2 7 x + 5 5 x 2 7 x + a \frac{ax^{2}-7x+5}{5x^{2}-7x+a} may be capable of all values, x x being any real quantity.

-2,12 2,5 5,-12 -5,12 -2,5 Does not have any limit 2,-12

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1 solution

Amir Raza
Jan 22, 2016

Put a x 2 7 x + 5 5 x 2 7 x + a = y \frac{ax^{2}-7x+5}{5x^{2}-7x+a}=y then ( a 5 y ) x 2 7 x ( 1 y ) + ( 5 a y ) = 0 (a-5y)x^{2}-7x(1-y)+(5-ay)=0 In order that the values of x found from this quadratic may be real, the expression 49 ( 1 y ) 2 4 ( a 5 y ) ( 5 a y ) 49(1-y)^{2}-4(a-5y)(5-ay) must be positive, that is, ( 49 20 a ) y 2 + 2 ( 2 a 2 + 1 ) y + ( 49 20 a ) (49-20a)y^{2}+2(2a^{2}+1)y+(49-20a) must be positive; Hence ( 2 a 2 + 1 ) 2 ( 49 20 a ) 2 (2a^{2}+1)^{2}-(49-20a)^{2} must be negative or zero, and (49-20a) must be positive. Now ( 2 a 2 + 1 ) ( 49 20 a ) 2 (2a^{2}+1)-(49-20a)^{2} is negative or zero, according as 2 ( a 2 10 a + 25 ) × 2 ( a 2 + 10 a 24 ) 2(a^{2}-10a+25)\times2(a^{2}+10a-24) is negative or zero; That is, according as 4 ( a 5 ) 2 ( a + 12 ) ( a 2 ) 4(a-5)^{2}(a+12)(a-2) is negative or zero.

This expression is negative as long as a lies between 2 and -12 , and for such values (49-20a) is positive; the expression is zero when a=5, -12 or 2 , but (49-20a) is negative when a=5 . Hence, the limitting values are 2 and -12 ,
and a may have any intermediate value.

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