Quadratic roots within integral

Algebra Level 3

Let a , b , c a, b, c be non-zero real numbers such that 0 1 ( 1 + cos 8 x ) ( a x 2 + b x + c ) d x = 0 2 ( 1 + cos 8 x ) ( a x 2 + b x + c ) d x . \int_0^1{(1+\cos^8{x})(ax^2 +bx + c)dx} = \int_0^2{(1+\cos^8{x})(ax^2 +bx + c)dx}.

Then, the quadratic equation a x 2 + b x + c = 0 ax^2 + bx + c = 0 has

At least one root in (0, 2) A double root in (0, 2) Two imaginary roots No root in (0, 2)

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1 solution

Sathvik Acharya
Dec 13, 2020

a b f ( x ) d x = a c f ( x ) d x + c b f ( x ) d x \int_{a}^{b}f(x)dx=\int_{a}^{c}f(x)dx + \int_{c}^{b}f(x)dx Using the above property of definite integrals , 0 2 ( 1 + cos 8 x ) ( a x 2 + b x + c ) d x = 0 1 ( 1 + cos 8 x ) ( a x 2 + b x + c ) d x + 1 2 ( 1 + cos 8 x ) ( a x 2 + b x + c ) d x \int_{0}^{2}(1+\cos^8x)(ax^2+bx+c)dx=\int_{0}^{1}(1+\cos^8x)(ax^2+bx+c)dx+\int_{1}^{2}(1+\cos^8x)(ax^2+bx+c)dx 1 2 ( 1 + cos 8 x ) ( a x 2 + b x + c ) d x = 0 \implies \int_{1}^{2}(1+\cos^8x)(ax^2+bx+c)dx=0 Since the area of the the region bounded by the curve y = f ( x ) = ( 1 + cos 8 x ) ( a x 2 + b x + c ) y=f(x)=(1+\cos^8x)(ax^2+bx+c) , x = 1 x=1 , x = 2 x=2 and x x -axis is 0 0 , f ( x ) f(x) takes both positive and negative values for x [ 1 , 2 ] x\in [1,2] .

But, 1 + cos 8 x > 0 , x R a x 2 + b x + c < 0 1+\cos^8x>0, \forall x\in \mathbb{R} \implies ax^2+bx+c<0 for some x [ 1 , 2 ] x\in [1,2] and a x 2 + b x + c > 0 ax^2+bx+c>0 for some x [ 1 , 2 ] x\in [1,2] . So the graph of a x 2 + b x + c ax^2+bx+c will intersect the x x -axis at least once between x = 1 x=1 and x = 2 x=2 .

Therefore, a x 2 + b x + c = 0 ax^2+bx+c=0 must have at least one root in the interval ( 1 , 2 ) (1,2) .

Hey, I thought (0,2) meant that there was a root in x = 2. In the answer choices, it would be nice if you could say "the interval (0,2)" , Thanks :)

Yashas Ravi - 6 months ago

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