Quadratic trouble#2

Algebra Level 3

If one root of the equation ( l m ) x 2 + l x + 1 = 0 \large (l-m)x^2+lx+1=0 is double the other and l is real then find the greatest value of m .

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The answer is 1.13.

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1 solution

Abdo Reda
Jul 2, 2018

Since we have one of the roots double the other let's call them r, 2r we can transform the equation by divding (l-m) \not necessary step

( l m ) x 2 + l x + 1 = 0 x 2 + l ( l m ) x + 1 ( l m ) = 0 \left( l-m \right) { x }^{ 2 }+lx+1=0\quad \Longrightarrow \quad { x }^{ 2 }+\frac { l }{ (l-m) } x+\frac { 1 }{ (l-m) } =0

and then we can conclude that the product of the two roots is

2 r 2 = 1 ( l m ) 2{ r }^{ 2 }=\frac { 1 }{ (l-m) }

and then that their sum is

3 r = l ( l m ) 3r=\frac { l }{ (l-m) }

by substituting in the first equation and simplifying we get

2 l 2 9 ( l m ) 2 = 1 ( l m ) 2 l 2 = 9 ( l m ) 2 l 2 9 l + 9 m = 0 2\frac { { l }^{ 2 } }{ 9{ (l-m) }^{ 2 } } =\frac { 1 }{ (l-m) } \\ 2{ l }^{ 2 }=9(l-m)\\ 2{ l }^{ 2 }-9l+9m=0

we can then use the quadratic formula to solve for L and since we know that L is not a complex number since one of the roots is real so we should have the determinant greater than or equal zero, we can then find the greatest value for m and you could substitute it back and solve for L and then substitute both in the equation to test if they lead to meaningful results.

9 ± 81 72 m 4 \frac { 9\pm \sqrt { 81-72m } }{ 4 }

81 72 m 0 81-72m\ge 0

m 9 8 m\le \frac { 9 }{ 8 }

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