Question 13

Geometry Level 4

Let y = f ( x ) y=f(x) be a curve passing through ( 4 , 3 ) (4,3) such that slope of normal at any point lying in the first quadrant is negative and the normal and tangent at any point P P cuts the y y -axis at A A and B B respectively such that the mid-point of A B AB is the origin, then find the number of solutions of y = f ( x ) y=f(x) and y = 5 x y=|5-|x|| .

This question is part of the set For the JEE-nius;P .
0 2 1 3

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2 solutions

Solution is really Long so here goes

1st Let us find the y-coordinates of the points of intersection of normal and tangent with Y-axis, Assuming a point P( x 1 , f ( x 1 ) ) x_1,f(x_1))

Point of intersection of Normal is : y f ( x 1 ) = 1 f ( x 1 ) ( 0 x 1 ) y-f(x_1)=\frac{-1}{f'(x_1)}(0-x_1) , x-coordinate is 0

Point of intersection of tangent is : y f ( x 1 ) = f ( x 1 ) ( 0 x 1 ) y-f(x_1)=f'(x_1)(0-x_1) , x-coordinate is 0

As the midpoint of these 2 points is origin we add their y-coordinates and equate it to 0 to get a differential equation.

0 = 2 f ( x ) x ( f ( x ) 1 f ( x ) ) 0=2f(x)-x(f'(x)-\frac{1}{f'(x)}) Also substituted ( x 1 , y 1 ) (x_1,y_1) as ( x , y ) (x,y)

rearranging to get a quadratic, ( f ( x ) ) 2 2 y x f ( x ) 1 = 0 (f'(x))^2-2\frac{y}{x}f'(x)-1=0

taking its +ve root, writing f ( x ) f'(x) as d y d x \frac{dy}{dx} ...(It is given that slope is +ve in 1st quadrant)

d y d x = f r a c 2 y x + 4 y 2 x 2 + 1 2 \frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{frac{2y}{x}+\sqrt{\frac{4y^2}{x^2}+1}}{2}

\frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{y+\sqrt{y^2+x^2}{x}

Putting y = t x y=tx to solve this differential equation,

we get equation as t + 1 + t 2 = x c t+\sqrt{1+t^2}=xc where c is constant of integration

resubstituting t = f r a c y x t=frac{y}{x} and rearranging,

y + x 2 + y 2 = x 2 c y+\sqrt{x^2+y^2}=x^2c

Using (3,4) we find c as 1. Now solve the 2 equations any way you want

so answer is 2 solutions

I hope someone will post a quicker solution real soon.

Ajinkya Shivashankar - 4 years, 7 months ago

I guesss the conic is a hyperbola....how to proceed further? my answer was a crude guess

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