Quixotic quadruples

A quadruple ( a , b , c , d ) (a, b, c, d) of positive integers that satisfy the properties below

  • a b c d a\leq b\leq c\leq d ,

  • a , b , c , d a, b, c, d are consecutive terms in an arithmetic progression ,

  • a 3 + b 3 + c 3 = d 3 a^3 + b^3 + c^3 = d^3 , and

  • at least one of a , b , c a, b, c and d d is between 1867 and 2008 inclusive.

is called a quixotic quadruple . How many quixotic quadruples are there?


The answer is 134.

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1 solution

Mark Hennings
Jan 27, 2021

If the terms a , b , c , d a,b,c,d are b u , b , b + u , b + 2 u b-u,b,b+u,b+2u , then ( b u ) 3 + b 3 + ( b + u ) 3 = ( b + 2 u ) 3 3 b 3 + 6 b u 2 = b 3 + 6 b 2 u + 12 b u 2 + 8 u 3 b 3 3 b 2 u 3 b u 2 4 u 3 = 0 ( b 4 u ) ( b 2 + b u + u 2 ) = 0 \begin{aligned} (b-u)^3 + b^3 + (b+u)^3 & = \; (b + 2u)^3 \\ 3b^3 + 6bu^2 & = \; b^3 + 6b^2u + 12bu^2 + 8u^3 \\ b^3 - 3b^2u - 3bu^2 - 4u^3 & = \; 0 \\ (b - 4u)(b^2 + bu + u^2) & = \; 0 \end{aligned} so that b = 4 u b =4u and hence we must have ( a , b , c , d ) = ( 3 u , 4 u , 5 u , 6 u ) (a,b,c,d) = (3u,4u,5u,6u) for some positive integer u u .

  • We have 1867 a = 3 u 2008 1867 \le a=3u \le 2008 provided that 623 u 669 623 \le u \le 669 .
  • We have 1867 b = 4 u 2008 1867 \le b=4u \le 2008 provided that 467 u 502 467 \le u \le 502 .
  • We have 1867 c = 5 u 2008 1867 \le c=5u \le 2008 provided that 374 u 401 374 \le u \le 401 .
  • We have 1867 d = 6 u 2008 1867 \le d=6u \le 2008 provided that 312 u 334 312 \le u \le 334 .

and so there are ( 669 623 + 1 ) + ( 502 467 + 1 ) + ( 401 374 + 1 ) + ( 334 312 + 1 ) = 47 + 36 + 28 + 23 = 134 (669 - 623 + 1) + (502 - 467 + 1) + (401 - 374 + 1) + (334 - 312 + 1) \; = \; 47 + 36 + 28 + 23 \; = \; 134 choices for u u , so there are 134 \boxed{134} quixotic quadruples.

@Mark Hennings , we really liked your comment, and have converted it into a solution.

Brilliant Mathematics Staff - 4 months, 2 weeks ago

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