8 5 2 7 − 5 2 7 − 5 2 7 − ⋯ 1 1 = c a + b ,
where a , b , c are positive, square-free integers. Find the product a b c .
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A nice problem with a nice solution! Voted up!
Very Nice problem Sir Brian and very Nice solution. I tought it was algebra tough.
Thanks. Yes, it could be tagged as algebra too, but I've always seen infinite series problems like this tagged as calculus, so I did the same. I just tried a moment ago to tag it with algebra as well but I wasn't able to do it. Oh well .....
I've changed it to Algebra. Nice problem :)
I thought this would be algebra though...
sir Brian's solution is great. but we should post any different solutions. so here it is first, solve 5 2 7 − 5 2 7 − 5 2 7 − 5 2 7 − ⋯ ⋯ 1 1 1 = 2 5 2 7 + 5 2 5 × 5 2 9 now it becomes interesting. write 8 2 5 2 7 + 5 2 5 × 5 2 9 = 4 1 0 5 4 + 2 5 2 5 × 5 2 9 ] now use this a + 2 b = d + e ⟶ a + 2 b = d + e + 2 d e a = d + e , b = d e from what we see, lets solve this 4 1 0 5 4 + 2 5 2 5 × 5 2 9 = 4 5 2 5 + 5 2 9 + 2 5 2 5 × 5 2 9 = 2 5 2 9 + 5 2 5 = 2 2 3 + 5 2 5 repeat the step 2 2 3 + 5 2 5 = 4 2 5 + 2 1 + 2 2 5 × 2 1 = 2 2 5 + 2 1 = 2 5 + 2 1 repeat the step for one final time 2 5 + 2 1 = 4 3 + 7 + 2 3 × 7 = 2 3 + 7
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Letting the infinite continued fraction under the root sign be S , we have that
S = 5 2 7 − S 1 .
(Note that we could define S as the limit as n → ∞ of the sequence defined recursively by s 0 = 5 2 7 and s n + 1 = 5 2 7 − s n 1 . The limit exists since this sequence is decreasing, and since s n > 1 for all n we know that S ≥ 1 , (both of which claims can be established by induction).)
Now let x = 8 S . Then x 8 = S , and so x 8 + x 8 1 = 5 2 7 .
We then observe that
( x 4 + x 4 1 ) 2 = x 8 + 2 + x 8 1 = 5 2 7 + 2 = 5 2 9 ,
and so x 4 + x 4 1 = 5 2 9 = 2 3 .
Next, we have that ( x 2 + x 2 1 ) 2 = x 4 + 2 + x 4 1 = 2 3 + 2 = 2 5 ,
and so x 2 + x 2 1 = 2 5 = 5 .
Now ( x + x 1 ) 2 = x 2 + 2 + x 2 1 = 5 + 2 = 7 ,
and so x + x 1 = 7 ⟹ x 2 − 7 ∗ x + 1 = 0
⟹ x = 2 7 ± 3 .
With S ≥ 1 we know that x ≥ 1 , so x = 2 7 + 3 and thus
a b c = 7 ∗ 3 ∗ 2 = 4 2 .