Dice= probability

There are 2 fair N and M sided Dice (say A and B) . The roll on dice A is called A and B for dice B. If M>N and P(B</=A)=0.1 , M is a multiple of which integer?


The answer is 5.

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2 solutions

Saket Goyal
May 12, 2020

Here is my explanation please tell if it is correct, First i will find a general formula for the problem if a = 1 then p(b>a)= n 1 n \frac{n-1}{n} if a=2 then P(b>a)= n 2 n \frac{n-2}{n} . . . if a = k then P(b>a)= n k n \frac{n-k}{n} so our net probability turns out to be = n 1 + n 2 + n 3... n m n m \frac{n-1+n-2+n-3...n-m}{nm} =1- n 1 2 m \frac{n-1}{2m} =P(b>a) hence the P(b</=a)= n 1 2 m \frac{n-1}{2m} =0.1 ergo,m=5(n-1) ergo m is a multiple of 5.

Richard Desper
May 11, 2020

There are a few issues with this problem.

1) You've put no constraints on M , N M, N to be integers. If M M is allowed to be any arbitrary positive number, it's impossible to conclude that M M needs to be integral, much less a multiple of 5 5 .

2) By constraining the random numbers to be at least 1 1 , you have broken the problem. Consider this: if I let M = 2 M=2 and N = 6 N=6 , and use uniform distributions for both A A and B B , then my distribution satisfies the requirements. But N N is not a multiple of 5 5 . What happened? It's clear that you want the distributions to range from 0 0 to M M , N N respectively. And then, if you have uniform distributions and P ( B A ) = 0.1 P(B \leq A) = 0.1 , it follows that M = 5 N M = 5N .

3) My pet peeve: please don't use "random" to mean "random and uniform" when discussing probability distributions. Unless you constrain these distributions to be uniform, there really is no way to solve this problem.

Thank you very much but I don't have any knowledge about uniform probability distributions ,so can you please do me a favour of uploading the correct version of this problem with a solution

saket goyal - 1 year, 1 month ago

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Effort is appreciated

saket goyal - 1 year, 1 month ago

When I calculated the P(B</=A) for N=6 and M=2 I got 1/12 , assuming the 1 st condition, however I did not assume the 2 nd condition i.e the upper limits lie between 0 to any integer

saket goyal - 1 year, 1 month ago

Hmm...I guess you are using "random number" to mean "random integer". If you use "random integer" than for N = 6 and M=2 there are 12 outcomes. If you use it to mean "random real number" then for N=6 and M=2 the measure of the space is 5 ( it's a rectangle of height 5 and width 1) and the measure of the space "B leq A" is the area of the triangle with base 1 and height 1, i.e. 1/2. Thus the probability of " B leq A" is (1/2) / 5 = 1/10.

Richard Desper - 1 year, 1 month ago

What you need to say is "let generator A select an integer between 1 and N (inclusive) and let generator B select an integer between 1 and M (inclusive). If P(B \leq A) = 0.1, M must be a multiple of which integer?"

Richard Desper - 1 year, 1 month ago

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