Rate of Change of Slice Area

Calculus Level 5

A sphere has a radius of 10 units, and is centered at the origin. A sliding plane is defined by

sin ( π / 3 ) ( y + 12 ( 24 / 50 ) t ) + cos ( π / 3 ) z = 0 -\sin(\pi / 3) (y + 12 - (24/50) t) + \cos( \pi / 3 ) z = 0

For a certain range of t t this plane crosses the sphere, and the intersection is a circle whose area is a function of t t . Find the rate of change of the cross-sectional area at t = 15 t = 15 .


The answer is 10.8573.

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1 solution

Hosam Hajjir
Aug 6, 2016

First we find an expression for the distance d ( t ) d(t) of the center of the sphere (which is the origin) from the plane.

d ( t ) = sin ( π / 3 ) ( 12 ( 24 / 50 ) t ) d(t) = | -\sin(\pi / 3 ) (12 - (24/50) t ) |

Now the area of the cross section ( assuming d ( t ) 10 d(t) \le 10 ) is given by

A ( t ) = π ( 100 d 2 ( t ) ) = π ( 100 sin 2 ( π / 3 ) ( 24 / 50 t 12 ) 2 ) A(t) = \pi ( 100 - d^2(t) ) = \pi ( 100 - \sin^2(\pi/3) (24/50 t - 12 )^2 )

Differentiating gives the desired result

d A d t ( t ) = π ( 2 sin 2 ( π / 3 ) ( 24 / 50 t 12 ) ( 24 / 50 ) ) \frac{dA}{dt} (t) = \pi ( - 2 \sin^2(\pi/3) (24/50 t - 12 ) ( 24/50 ) )

Substituting t = 15, gives

d ( 15 ) = sin ( π / 3 ) ( 12 ( 24 / 50 ) ( 15 ) ) = 4.15692 10 d(15) = | - \sin(\pi/3) ( 12 - (24/50)(15) ) | = 4.15692 \le 10

Hence,

d A d t ( 15 ) = π ( 2 sin 2 ( π / 3 ) ( 24 / 50 ( 15 ) 12 ) ( 24 / 50 ) ) = 10.8573 \frac{dA}{dt} (15) = \pi ( - 2 \sin^2(\pi/3) (24/50 (15) - 12 ) ( 24/50 ) ) = \boxed{ 10.8573 }

How did you create that GiF?

Pi Han Goh - 4 years, 10 months ago

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I used a very primitive approach, and I used Excel VBA charts, which I later combined as a single GIF file.

Hosam Hajjir - 4 years, 10 months ago

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Oh got it! Thanks

Pi Han Goh - 4 years, 10 months ago

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