Ratio null equations

Algebra Level 2

If r r is the ratio of roots of the equation a x 2 + b x + c = 0 ax^2 + bx+ c=0 , find ( r + 1 ) 2 r \dfrac {(r+1)^2}r .

0 c 2 a b \frac {c^2}{ab} None of the others 1 a 2 b c \frac {a^2}{bc} b 2 c a \frac {b^2}{ca}

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1 solution

Chew-Seong Cheong
Oct 16, 2017

Let the roots of the equation a x 2 + b x + c = 0 ax^2+bx+c=0 be α \alpha and β \beta . Then r = α β r = \dfrac \alpha \beta . By Vieta's formula , we have α + β = b a \alpha + \beta = - \dfrac ba and α β = c a \alpha \beta = \dfrac ca . Then,

( α + β ) 2 = b 2 a 2 α 2 + 2 α β + β 2 α β = b 2 a 2 × a c α β + 2 + β α = b 2 c a r + 2 + 1 r = b 2 c a r 2 + 2 r + 1 r = b 2 c a ( r + 1 ) 2 r = b 2 c a \begin{aligned} (\alpha + \beta)^2 & = \frac {b^2}{a^2} \\ \frac {\alpha^2 +2 \alpha \beta + \beta^2}{\alpha \beta} & = \frac {b^2}{a^2} \times \frac ac \\ \frac \alpha \beta + 2 + \frac \beta \alpha & = \frac {b^2}{ca} \\ r + 2 + \frac 1r & = \frac {b^2}{ca} \\ \frac {r^2+2r+1}r & = \frac {b^2}{ca} \\ \frac {(r+1)^2}r & = \boxed{\dfrac {b^2}{ca}} \end{aligned}

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