Real boat situation.

To cross a river of width b = 320 m b = 320 \text{ m} , a captain steers his boat always aiming towards a point that is directly across the river from his starting point. The velocity of his boat relative to river current is v b r = 2.5 m/s v_{br} = 2.5 \text{ m/s} and river current velocity is v r = 1.5 m/s v_{r} = 1.5 \text{ m/s} everywhere.

Determine the time t t (in seconds) the boat will take to cross the river.


The answer is 200.0.

This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and, finally, (c) loading the non-javascript version of this page . We're sorry about the hassle.

3 solutions

Nishant Rai
Apr 24, 2015

On simplification, t = b v b r v b r 2 v r 2 = 200 t= \frac{bv_{br}}{{v_{br}}^2 - v_r^2} = 200

Did same thing! The hint simplified the problem.

satvik pandey - 5 years, 9 months ago

This was in irodov!

Aditya Kumar - 5 years, 9 months ago
Miloje Đ
Mar 24, 2015

θ \theta is the angel between direction of boats velocity and line connecting initial and final position.

u u is the speed of the water

V V is the speed of the boat relative to the water

r r is the distance between boat and the final position

d d is the river width

d r d t = V u sin ( θ ) \frac{dr}{dt}=V-u\sin(\theta)

0 d d r = V 0 T d t u 0 T s i n ( θ ) d t \int_{0}^{d}{dr}=V\int_{0}^{T}{dt}-u\int_{0}^{T}{sin(\theta)dt}

d = V T u 0 T s i n ( θ ) d t d=VT-u\int_{0}^{T}{sin(\theta)dt}

Horizontal distance boat travels is equal to 0 0 , so we can write:

0 = 0 T u d t 0 T V s i n ( θ ) d t 0=\int_{0}^{T}{udt}-\int_{0}^{T}{Vsin(\theta)dt}

0 = u T V 0 T s i n ( θ ) d t 0=uT-V\int_{0}^{T}{sin(\theta)dt}

0 T s i n ( θ ) d t = u T V \int_{0}^{T}{sin(\theta)dt}=\frac{uT}{V}

By putting value of this integral in first equation we get:

d = ( V u V ) T d=(V-\frac{u}{V})T

So the time is equal to:

T = V d V 2 u 2 = 200 s T=\frac{Vd}{V^2-u^2}=200s

Nathanael Case
Sep 5, 2014

I did not use the water's frame of reference, I do not see how that helps.

(x,y) is the position of the boat measured such that the boat starts at (0,0), y is the downstream-direction, and x is the across-stream direction

θ \theta is the direction of travel, measured such that it is zero at the starting position

V V is the speed of the boat relative to the water

W W is the speed of the water (relative to the shore)

tan ( θ ) \tan (\theta) = y L x \frac{y}{L-x}

d x d t = x ˙ = V cos ( θ ) = V 1 + ( y L x ) 2 \frac{dx}{dt}=\dot x=V\cos(\theta)=\frac{V}{\sqrt{1+(\frac{y}{L-x})^2}}

d y d t = y ˙ = V sin ( θ ) = V y ( L x ) 1 + ( y L x ) 2 \frac{dy}{dt}=\dot y=V\sin(\theta)=\frac{Vy}{(L-x)\sqrt{1+(\frac{y}{L-x})^2}}

d y / d t d x / d t = d y d x = W V 1 + ( y L x ) 2 y L x \frac{dy/dt}{dx/dt}=\frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{W}{V}\sqrt{1+(\frac{y}{L-x})^2}-\frac{y}{L-x}

I will define z = y L x z=\frac{y}{L-x} and thus y = z ( L x ) y=z(L-x)

d y d x = d d x [ z ( L x ) ] = d z d x ( L x ) z = W V 1 + z 2 z \frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{d}{dx}[z(L-x)]=\frac{dz}{dx}(L-x)-z=\frac{W}{V}\sqrt{1+z^2}-z

d z d x = W 1 + z 2 V ( L x ) \frac{dz}{dx}=\frac{W\sqrt{1+z^2}}{V(L-x)}

d z 1 + z 2 = W V d x L x \int \frac{dz}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}=\int \frac{W}{V} \frac{dx}{L-x}

a r c s i n h ( z ) = W V l n ( L x ) = a r c s i n h ( y L x ) arcsinh(z)=\frac{-W}{V}ln(L-x)=arcsinh(\frac{y}{L-x})

Now we know the path the boat takes

(It is the (x,y) solutions to the above relationship)

And we also know the x-speed as a function of the (x,y) position, x ˙ ( x , y ) \dot x(x,y) , it was the first equation I wrote. Since we know y(x) we can reduce it to x ˙ ( x , y ( x ) ) = x ˙ ( x ) \dot x(x,y(x))=\dot x(x)

x ˙ = v 1 + ( s i n h ( W V l n ( L L x ) ) ) 2 = v c o s h ( W V l n ( L L x ) ) = 2 v ( L L x ) W / V + ( L L x ) w / v = d x d t \dot x=\frac{v}{\sqrt{1+(sinh(\frac{W}{V}ln(\frac{L}{L-x})))^2}}=\frac{v}{cosh(\frac{W}{V}ln(\frac{L}{L-x}))}=\frac{2v}{(\frac{L}{L-x})^{W/V}+(\frac{L}{L-x})^{-w/v}}=\frac{dx}{dt}

( ( L L x ) W / V + ( L L x ) W / V ) d x = 2 v d t \int \left((\frac{L}{L-x})^{W/V}+(\frac{L}{L-x})^{-W/V}\right)dx=2v\int dt

L ( ( 1 x L ) W V + 1 W V + 1 + ( 1 x L ) W V + 1 W V + 1 ) = 2 v t + C -L\left( \frac{(1-\frac{x}{L})^{\frac{W}{V}+1}}{\frac{W}{V}+1}+\frac{(1-\frac{x}{L})^{-\frac{W}{V}+1}}{-\frac{W}{V}+1}\right)=2vt+C

Use the initial condition (x=0,t=0) to find C, and then solve for t when x=L and you get 200 seconds. (I will not do it, this post is long enough.)

I did not solve this alone! A friend helped me, and I would not have done it without them. I just wanted to share the solution

Probably you are talking about this . Or some more solutions from Feynman Lectures ? If no, then do check! It's a good site.

Kartik Sharma - 5 years, 9 months ago

0 pending reports

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...