A rectangle is drawn inside a right-angled triangle so that two of its sides lie on the shorter sides of the triangle. If the shorter sides of the triangle have lengths and what is the maximum area of the rectangle in terms of and
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First we put a line of length a on the x-axis, and a line of length b on the y-axis. Connecting the endpoints ( a , 0 ) and ( 0 , b ) , we get a line with equation y = b − a b x . These lines form a triangle. Then, we draw a line at x = c , for some c . We see that the width of the triangle is c , while the height is b − a b c . Thus, the area is c ( b − a b c ) = b c − a b c 2 , a parabolic equation. The maximum of a parabola with form y = A x 2 + B x + C is ( − 2 A B , C − 4 A B 2 ) , so the maximum area is 0 − 4 a − b ( b ) 2 = − 4 b − a b 2 = 4 a b . This corresponds to cutting each length in half and drawing a rectangle to the edge.