Rectangle inscribed in a triangle

Geometry Level 3

In A B C \triangle ABC two rectangles are inscribed having lengths and breadths of 5 3 , 3.5 \frac{5}{3},3.5 and 3 , 1.5 3,1.5 units respectively. Find the area of the largest rectangle inscribed in the triangle provided the base on which it stands is unchanged. Enter the largest answer if more than one.


The answer is 6.

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1 solution

Rafsan Rcc
May 5, 2021

There is a nice relation between the sides of the rectangle inscribed and the base and height of the triangle. It is given below. So x a + y h = 1 \large \frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{h}=1 which is analogous to the intercept form of straight line. [Can someone give me an intuition of this?]

According to the question

5 3 a + 3.5 h = 1 \large \frac{\frac{5}{3}}{a}+\frac{3.5}{h}=1 or 3.5 a + 5 3 h = 1 \large \frac{3.5}{a}+\frac{\frac{5}{3}}{h}=1

Solving, h = 4 , a = 6 h=4,a=6 or h = 6 , a = 4 h=6,a=4

So for this triangle x 4 + y 6 = 1 \large \frac{x}{4}+\frac{y}{6}=1 or x 6 + y 4 = 1 \large \frac{x}{6}+\frac{y}{4}=1

or , 2 x + 3 y = 12 2x+3y=12 or 3 x + 2 y = 12 3x+2y=12

or, y = 12 3 x 2 \large y=\frac{12-3x}{2} or y = 12 2 x 3 \large y=\frac{12-2x}{3}

Let A \large A be the area of the rectangle. So A = x y = 12 x 3 x 2 2 \large A=xy=\frac{12x-3x^2}{2} or 12 x 2 x 2 3 \large \frac{12x-2x^2}{3}

or, d A d x = 6 3 x \large \frac{dA}{dx}=6-3x or d A d x = 4 4 3 x \large \frac{dA}{dx}=4-\frac{4}{3}x

In both cases the 2nd differential will be negative so A A is largest when d A d x = 0 \large \frac{dA}{dx}=0

So, x = 2 x=2 or x = 3 x=3

Putting these values in the respective equations of A A we get that in both cases A m a x = 6 \large A_{max}=\boxed{6}

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