Rectangle minimum

Geometry Level pending

Rectangle with sides 3 and 4 is given. On each side point is chosen and connected to other two points on adjacent sides. Let S be a sum of lengths of new segments (pink on picture). Find minimum of S.


The answer is 10.

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1 solution

David Mikulčić
Nov 13, 2019

Usefull inequality: i = 1 n x i 2 + y i 2 ( i = 1 n x i ) 2 + ( i = 1 n y i ) 2 \sum_{i=1}^{n} \sqrt{x_i^2 + y_i^2} \geqslant \sqrt{(\sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i)^2+(\sum_{i=1}^{n} y_i)^2}

Lets mark segments of rectangle with a a and b b , and smaller segments by a 1 a_1 and b 1 b_1 , a 2 a_2 and b 2 b_2 , a 3 a_3 and b 3 b_3 , a 4 a_4 and b 4 b_4 , counterclockwise from bottom right vertex. Then, our S is, by Pitagora, b 1 2 + a 2 2 + b 2 2 + a 3 2 + b 3 2 + a 4 2 + b 4 2 + a 1 2 \sqrt{b_1^2 + a_2^2} + \sqrt{b_2^2 + a_3^2} + \sqrt{b_3^2 + a_4^2} + \sqrt{b_4^2 + a_1^2} . By usefull inequality: b 1 2 + a 2 2 + a 3 2 + b 2 2 + b 3 2 + a 4 2 + a 1 2 + b 4 2 ( b 1 + a 3 + b 3 + a 1 ) 2 + ( a 2 + b 2 + a 4 + b 4 ) 2 = ( 2 a ) 2 + ( 2 b ) 2 = 2 a 2 + b 2 = 10 \sqrt{b_1^2 + a_2^2} + \sqrt{a_3^2 + b_2^2} + \sqrt{b_3^2 + a_4^2} + \sqrt{a_1^2 + b_4^2} \geqslant \sqrt{(b_1+a_3+b_3+a_1)^2+(a_2+b_2+a_4+b_4)^2} = \sqrt{(2a)^2+(2b)^2} = 2\sqrt{a^2+b^2} = 10

Example that 10 is possible is to choose midpoints of segments of rectangle, or to put two points into one vertex and other two into opposite vertex.

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