Removing Floors - Part II

Algebra Level 3

Find the number of solutions to the equation n 2 + n 3 + n 6 = n \large \left \lfloor \dfrac n2 \right \rfloor + \left \lfloor \dfrac n3 \right \rfloor + \left \lfloor \dfrac n6 \right \rfloor =n

where n n is a natural number such that 1 n 100 1\leq n \leq 100 .


Inspiration , Next Problem .


The answer is 16.

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3 solutions

Milind Prabhu
Apr 5, 2016

First note that n 2 + n 3 + n 6 = n \dfrac n2 + \dfrac n3 + \dfrac n6 =n . So we have, n 2 + n 3 + n 6 = n 2 + n 3 + n 6 \left \lfloor \dfrac n2 \right \rfloor + \left \lfloor \dfrac n3 \right \rfloor + \left \lfloor \dfrac n6 \right \rfloor = \dfrac n2 + \dfrac n3 + \dfrac n6

Since { x } = x x . \{x\}= x -\lfloor x \rfloor. we have { n 2 } + { n 3 } + { n 6 } = 0 \{\dfrac n2\} + \{\dfrac n3\} + \{\dfrac n6 \} =0

Since { x } 0 \{x\}\ \geq 0 it follows that n 2 , n 3 , n 6 \dfrac n2, \dfrac n3, \dfrac n6 are all natural numbers. Thus n n is divisible by 6 6 . Also all the numbers which are divisible by 6 6 satisfy the equation. There are 16 16 multiples of 6 6 in the given interval which is why the answer is 16 \boxed { 16 } .

@Shanthanu Rai I posted the solution 54 seconds after you did. You win :D

milind prabhu - 5 years, 2 months ago

Yea solved it thw same way :), the setup pf this question made me think why this is level 4? So, I took time to enter my answer even if I knew it :/

Ashish Menon - 5 years, 1 month ago

solved it the same way :D

Shreya R - 4 years, 8 months ago
Shanthanu Rai
Apr 5, 2016

n 2 + n 3 + n 6 = n 2 + n 3 + n 6 ( n 2 n 2 ) + ( n 3 n 3 ) + ( n 6 n 6 ) = 0 f r a c ( n 2 ) + f r a c ( n 3 ) + f r a c ( n 6 ) = 0 \Bigl\lfloor\dfrac{n}{2}\Bigr\rfloor + \Bigl\lfloor\dfrac{n}{3}\Bigr\rfloor + \Bigl\lfloor\dfrac{n}{6}\Bigr\rfloor = \dfrac{n}{2} + \dfrac{n}{3} +\dfrac{n}{6} \\ \implies (\dfrac{n}{2} - \Bigl\lfloor\dfrac{n}{2}\Bigr\rfloor) + (\dfrac{n}{3} - \Bigl\lfloor\dfrac{n}{3}\Bigr\rfloor) + (\dfrac{n}{6} - \Bigl\lfloor\dfrac{n}{6}\Bigr\rfloor) = 0 \\ \implies frac(\frac{n}{2 }) + frac(\frac{n}{3}) + frac(\frac{n}{6}) = 0 \\
The fractional part function is \geq 0. Since the sum of the terms is 0, each of them must be 0. Thus n 2 \dfrac{n}{2} , n 3 \dfrac{n}{3} and n 6 \dfrac{n}{6} must be integers.Thus, the question reduces to find the number of multiples of 6 from 1 to 100, which is 16 \boxed{16}

The only case

n = 6 κ n= 6\kappa .

Such that κ [ 1 , 16 ] \kappa \in [1,16] .

κ N \kappa \in N Hence the conclusion follows.

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