Reverse and Subtract

85 and 58 are numbers that we get by laterally reversing the digits. Their absolute difference is divisible by 9.

Think of any number with odd number (say, n = 2 m + 1 n=2m+1 with m > 0 ; m m>0 ; m belongs to positive integer set) of digits. Reverse the digits laterally keeping the middle one fixed. Get their absolute difference. Call it X.

What is the maximum number which divides all such X, with n > 2 n>2 ?

Bonus: Is X=9, the greatest number for n = 2 n=2 ? Can you prove it ? Can you prove it for n = 2 m + 1 n=2m+1 with m > 0 ; m m>0; m belongs to positive integer set ?


The answer is 99.

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1 solution

Ananya Aaniya
Mar 19, 2018

Let the Number be A = A = a 0 1 0 2 m + a 1 1 0 2 m 1 + . . . + a k 1 0 2 m k + . . . + a 2 m 1 10 + a 2 m a_0*10^ {2m} + a_1*10^{2m-1} + ... + a_k*10^{2m-k} + ... + a_{2m-1}*10 + a_{2m} with n n number of digits, where n = 2 m + 1 n=2m+1 , m m and a i a_i belongs to positive integer set & i = 0 , 1 , . . . 2 m i = 0, 1, ... 2m belongs to non negative natural numbers .

Let the Reverse be B = B = a 2 m 1 0 2 m + a 2 m 1 1 0 2 m 1 + . . . + a k 1 0 2 m k + . . . + a 1 10 + a 0 a_{2m}*10^ {2m} + a_{2m-1}*10^{2m-1} + ... + a_k*10^{2m-k} + ... + a_{1}*10 + a_{0}

Subtracting, we get, A B = A - B = a 0 [ 1 0 2 m 1 ] + a 1 [ 1 0 2 m 1 1 0 1 ] + . . . + a k [ 1 0 2 m k 1 0 2 m k ] a_0* [10^ {2m} - 1] + a_1* [ 10^{2m-1} - 10 ^1 ] + ... + a_k*[ 10^{2m-k} - 10^{2m-k} ] where k = m k = m

And We can prove that 1 0 2 m r 1 0 r = 1 0 2 m 1 0 r 1 0 r = 1 0 2 m 1 0 2 r 1 0 r = 1 0 2 r ( 1 0 2 ( m r ) 1 ) 1 0 r 10^{2m-r} - 10 ^r = \frac{ 10 ^ {2m} }{ 10 ^ {r} } - 10^{r} = \frac{ 10 ^ {2m} - 10 ^ {2r} }{10 ^ {r} } = \frac{ 10^{2r} (10 ^ {2(m-r)} - 1 ) }{10 ^ {r} }

with r < m = > 2 r < 2 m r < m => 2r < 2m & ( m r ) > = 1 (m-r) >=1 since r r is a member of non-negative integer set .

Thus we get, 1 0 2 m r 1 0 r = 1 0 2 r r ( 1 0 2 ( m r ) 1 ) 10^{2m-r} - 10 ^r = 10^{2r-r} (10 ^ {2(m-r)} - 1 ) the general maximum of which is 99 99 for all such n n . Thus, the answer is: 99 \boxed{99} .

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