Riding The Sinusoid

There is a point mass M M on a sinusoid path. The height of the curve is described by the equation y ( x ) = A cos ( x ) + B y(x)=A\cos(x)+B where A = B = 1 m A=B=1\text{ m} . The initial position of the point is x 0 = 0.7 {x}_{0}=0.7 and starts moving from rest.

Find the period of the motion in seconds to the nearest integer.

Details and Assumptions :

  • Take g = 10 m/s 2 g=10 \text{ m/s}^2 .

There is no friction between the body and the surface.


The answer is 4.

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1 solution

Adrian Aruștei
Mar 15, 2016

Because there is no friction we can write the conservation of energy and find the velocity of the body at any point given as follows: m g y 0 = 1 2 m v 2 + m g y ( x ) mg{{y}_{0}}=\frac{1}{2}m{{v}^{2}}+mgy(x) v = 2 g ( y 0 y ( x ) ) v=\sqrt{2g\left( {{y}_{0}}-y(x) \right)} But v = d s d t v=\frac{ds}{dt} where d s ds is the arc element of the curve. In our case: d s = 1 + y 2 ( x ) d x ds=\sqrt{1+{{{{y}'}}^{2}}(x)}dx Substituting in the formula for v v we get: d x d t 1 + y 2 ( x ) = 2 g ( y 0 y ( x ) ) \frac{dx}{dt}\sqrt{1+{{{{y}'}}^{2}}(x)}=\sqrt{2g\left( {{y}_{0}}-y(x) \right)} Rearranging: d t = 1 + y 2 ( x ) 2 g ( y 0 y ( x ) ) d x dt=\frac{\sqrt{1+{{{{y}'}}^{2}}(x)}}{\sqrt{2g\left( {{y}_{0}}-y(x) \right)}}dx Now we will integrate only on a half of the motion and then we will multiply our result by 2: 0 T d t = 0.7 2 π 0.7 1 + sin 2 ( x ) 20 ( cos ( 0.7 ) cos ( x ) ) d x \int\limits_{0}^{T}{dt}=\int\limits_{0.7}^{2\pi -0.7}{\frac{\sqrt{1+{{\sin }^{2}}(x)}}{\sqrt{20\left( \cos (0.7)-\cos (x) \right)}}dx} T = 2.00184 T=2.00184 So the final result is P = 2 T = 4.0036 s P=2T=4.0036s

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