A small spherical gas bubble of diameter d = 4 μ m forms at the bottom of a pond. When the bubble rises to the surface its diameter is n = 1 . 1 times bigger. What is the depth in meters of the pond?
Details and assumptions
The atmospheric pressure is p A = 1 0 5 Pa , the acceleration of gravity is g = 9 . 8 m / s 2 and water's surface tension and density are σ = 7 3 × 1 0 − 3 N / m and ρ = 1 × 1 0 3 kg / m 3 , respectively. The gas expansion is assumed to be isothermal.
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nice
Wont surtace tension due to water reduce the pressure inside the bubble as it tend contract at surface of the bubble?🙋😊
why is this 2 σ /r and not 4 σ /r...since there are 4 surfaces
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This is not a soap bubble that has two surfaces. This is a bubble in the water, with one surface.
Good one!
Why is it + 2sigma/r I thought it was 4sigma/r?
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Thanks for your comment. It would be r 4 σ if the bubble is on the air since it will have 2 layers. But in the water, it only has 1 layer between the air inside the bubble and the water, so it would be r 2 σ .
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The pressure and volume of the bubble when it is at the bottom of the pond are:
p 1 = p A + ρ g h + r 2 σ = p A + ρ g h + d 4 σ
V 1 = 3 4 π r 3 .
The pressure and volume of the bubble when it rises to the surface are:
p 2 = p A + r ′ 2 σ = p A + n d 4 σ
V 2 = 3 4 π n 3 r 3 .
Since the gas expansion is isothermal, we have: p 1 V 1 = p 2 V 2
Therefore, p A + ρ g h + d 4 σ = n 3 ( p A + n d 4 σ ) .
So, h = ρ g n 3 ( p A + n d 4 σ ) − ( p A + d 4 σ ) = 4 . 9 4 ( m ) .