What is the largest integer that is a divisor of ( n + 1 ) ( n + 3 ) ( n + 5 ) ( n + 7 ) ( n + 9 ) for all positive, even integers n ?
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Since n is an even number there is a number finishing at 5 between (n+1), (n+3), (n+5), (n+7) and (n+9) ⇒ 5 divides its product and 3 also divides ( n + 1 ) ⋅ ( n + 3 ) ⋅ ( n + 5 ) ⋅ ( n + 7 ) ⋅ ( n + 9 ) because 3 divides one only number between (n+1), (n+3) and (n+5) (n is an even number) ⇒
gcd ( ( 1 1 ⋅ 1 3 ⋅ 1 5 ⋅ 1 7 ⋅ 1 9 ) ,( 2 1 ⋅ 2 3 ⋅ 2 5 ⋅ 2 7 ⋅ 2 9 )) = 15 ≥ gcd( ( n + 1 ) ⋅ ( n + 3 ) ⋅ ( n + 5 ) ⋅ ( n + 7 ) ⋅ ( n + 9 ) , for each positive even integer n) ≥ lcm(3,5)=15 ⇒ 15 = gcd( ( n + 1 ) ⋅ ( n + 3 ) ⋅ ( n + 5 ) ⋅ ( n + 7 ) ⋅ ( n + 9 ) , for each positive even integer n) ⇒ 15 is the largest divisor of ( n + 1 ) ⋅ ( n + 3 ) ⋅ ( n + 5 ) ⋅ ( n + 7 ) ⋅ ( n + 9 ) for each positive even integer n.
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i claim that 3 and 5 are the only prime factors. we can check wether it is truth by putting x ≡ 1 , 2 , 0 ( m o d 3 ) or x ≡ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 0 ( m o d 5 ) and see that it is fulfiled, that case 15 will be the largest divisor. again, as x is even, the expression will be odd implying the exists no even factor. how do we know if there exist no other factors. let the other factor be N where N is an odd integer ≠ 1,3,5,15. then ( x + 1 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x + 5 ) ( x + 7 ) ( x + 9 ) ≡ 0 ( m o d N ) for this to be true over ALL x, it needs to be true for all modulo. so we just put the case x ≡ 1 ( m o d N ) : 2 ∗ 4 ∗ 6 ∗ 8 ∗ 1 0 ≡ 2 7 ∗ 3 ∗ 5 ≡ 0 ( m o d N ) the modulo implies that N is either even, 1,3 ,5 or15. but it contradicts our original statement. hence the largest divisor is 1 5 -contradiction, hence proofed.