4 identical bars of mass and length are connected by pins at and . The bars are attached to four massless springs of same spring constant . The entire system can move in horizontal plane. In the equilibrium position as shown in figure. If the corners and are given a slight displacement away from each other and released, find angular frequency of small oscillations.
Details and Assumptions :
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Dotted lines represent equilibrium config. Solid lines represent instantenous config.
Let the rods be rotated by a small angle θ so that they make an angle 4 5 ° − θ with A C It is easy to see that in this process the springs at A and C would be compressed by a = L ( cos ( 4 5 ° − θ ) − cos 4 5 ° ) and the springs at B and D would be extended by b = L ( sin 4 5 ° − sin ( 4 5 ° − θ ) ) . At this instant potential energy of the system could be written as
P E = ( 2 ∗ 2 1 K a 2 ) + ( 2 ∗ 2 1 K b 2 )
Plugging values of a and b and simplifying we get
P E = 2 K L 2 ( 1 − cos θ )
At this instant the rods are in pure rotation about their respective Instantenous centre of Rotation (IC)
Moment of inertia of each rod about respective IC
I = 1 2 M L 2 + M ( 2 L ) 2 = 3 M L 2 (parallel axis theorem)
The Kinetic Energy of the system at this instant would be
K E = 4 ∗ 0 . 5 ∗ I ω 2
Total Energy T E = P E + K E = c o n s t .
T E = 2 K L 2 ( 1 − cos θ ) + 2 ∗ I ω 2 = c o n s t .
Differentiating wrt. Time we get 2 K L 2 ( sin θ ) θ ˙ + 3 4 M L 2 ω ω ˙ = 0
As ω = θ ˙ a n d ω ˙ = θ ¨ on simplifying we get
K L 2 sin θ + ( 2 / 3 ) M L 2 θ ¨ = 0
On further simplification and using sin θ ≈ θ we get
θ ¨ = − 2 M 3 K θ
So Angular frequency = 2 M 3 K