Let a , b , c , d , e be the roots to the polynomial f ( x ) = x 5 + 9 x 4 + 7 x 3 + 1 6 x 2 + 6 x + 7
The value of a 2 1 + b 2 1 + c 2 1 + d 2 1 + e 2 1 can be written in the form of − q p where p , q are coprime positive integers.
What is the value of p − q ?
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Nice and better solution. I gave mine only to show another method.
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B y V i e t a . . . . S u m o f r e c i p r o c a l o f r o o t s S + = − 7 6 . S u m o f r e c i p r o c a l o f r o o t s m u l t i p l i e d t w o a t a t i m e S X = 7 1 6 . S + 2 = S u m o f s q a r e s o f r e c i p r o c a l o f t h e r o o t s . ∴ S + 2 = S + 2 + 2 ∗ S X , ⟹ ( − 7 6 ) 2 = S + 2 + 2 ∗ 7 1 6 ∴ S + 2 = 4 9 3 6 − 7 3 2 ⟹ S + 2 = − 4 9 1 8 8 = − q p . ⟹ p − q = 1 3 9
f ( x ) ln ( f ( x ) ) f ( x ) f ′ ( x ) f 2 ( x ) f ′ ′ ( x ) f ( x ) − ( f ′ ( x ) ) 2 f 2 ( 0 ) f ′ ′ ( 0 ) f ( 0 ) − ( f ′ ( 0 ) ) 2 i = 1 ∑ 5 x i 2 1 N o t e : = i = 1 ∏ 5 ( x − x i ) where x i are the roots of f ( x ) = ln ( i = 1 ∏ 5 ( x − x i ) ) = i = 1 ∑ 5 ln ( x − x i ) = i = 1 ∑ 5 x − x i 1 = i = 1 ∑ 5 ( x − x i ) 2 − 1 = i = 1 ∑ 5 ( 0 − x i ) 2 − 1 = i = 1 ∑ 5 x i 2 − 1 = − 4 9 1 8 8 f ( x ) = k = 0 ∑ 5 a k x k ⇒ f ( 0 ) = a 0 = 7 f ′ ( x ) = k = 1 ∑ 5 k ⋅ a k x k − 1 ⇒ f ′ ( 0 ) = 1 ⋅ a 1 = 6 f ′ ′ ( x ) = k = 2 ∑ 5 k ( k − 1 ) ⋅ a k x k − 2 ⇒ f ′ ′ ( 0 ) = 2 ⋅ 1 ⋅ a 2 = 2 ⋅ 1 6 = 3 2 differentiate both sides again differentiate both sides substitute x = 0 see the Note
(-6/7)^2-2*16/7=-188/49 , because 1/a,1/b,1/c,1/d,1/e are the roots of equation 7x^5+6x^4+16x^3+7x^2-9x+1=0, then with Viet...
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By transformation of roots, x = α 2 1
So α = √ x 1
0 = 7 x 2 √ x + 6 x 2 + 1 6 x √ x + 7 x + 9 √ x + 1
[ ( 7 x 2 + 1 6 x + 9 ) √ x ] 2 = [ − ( 6 x 2 + 7 x + 1 ) ] 2
Considering only terms of x 5 a n d x 4
4 9 x 5 + 2 2 4 x 4 + . . . = 3 6 x 4 + . . .
So sum of roots = − 4 9 1 8 8
Answer = 139