SAT1000 - P491

Algebra Level 3

Given that f ( x ) = 1 1 + x f(x)=\dfrac{1}{1+x} . { a n } \{a_n\} is a sequence whose terms are all positive so that a 1 = 1 , a n + 2 = f ( a n ) a_1=1, a_{n+2}=f(a_n) .

If a 2010 = a 2012 a_{2010}=a_{2012} , find the value of 1000 ( a 20 + a 11 ) \lfloor 1000(a_{20}+a_{11}) \rfloor .


Have a look at my problem set: SAT 1000 problems


The answer is 1233.

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1 solution

Ved Pradhan
Jun 18, 2020

To find a 11 a_{11} , just calculate it by plugging one into the function five times, as follows:

1 1 2 2 3 3 5 5 8 8 13 1 \rightarrow \dfrac{1}{2} \rightarrow \dfrac{2}{3} \rightarrow \dfrac{3}{5} \rightarrow \dfrac{5}{8} \rightarrow \dfrac{8}{13}

Thus, a 11 a_{11} is 8 13 \dfrac{8}{13} .

Now, let's say that a 2010 = m a_{2010}=m . Then, a 2012 = 1 1 + m a_{2012}=\dfrac{1}{1+m} . Let's set them equal to each other and solve for m.

a 2010 = a 2012 a_{2010}=a_{2012} m = 1 1 + m m=\dfrac{1}{1+m} m 2 + m = 1 m^{2}+m=1 4 m 2 + 4 m + 1 = 5 4m^{2}+4m+1=5 ( 2 m + 1 ) 2 = 5 (2m+1)^{2}=5 m = 1 + 5 2 m=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{5}}{2}

Keep in mind that m > 0 m>0 . Now, read this carefully. To get from a 2010 a_{2010} to a 2012 a_{2012} , we use the same process used to get from a 2008 a_{2008} to a 2010 a_{2010} . Thus, because a 2010 = a 2012 a_{2010}=a_{2012} , a 2008 = a 2010 a_{2008}=a_{2010} and a 2006 = a 2008 a_{2006}=a_{2008} and so on. All terms with even indices must be equal. Thus, a 20 = m a_{20}=m .

Now, let's get our answer!

a 20 + a 11 = 1 + 5 2 + 8 13 1.23341860413 a_{20}+a_{11}=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{5}}{2}+\dfrac{8}{13} \approx 1.23341860413

Thus, our answer is 1233 \boxed{1233} .

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