Second derivative of a parametric equation

Calculus Level 3

A parametric equation has the first derivatives x ˙ = 2 t 2 \dot{x} = 2t^2 and y ˙ = 3 t 4 . \dot{y} = 3t^4. What is d 2 y d x 2 \frac{d^2y}{dx^2} at t = 3 2 ? t = \frac32?


The answer is 1.

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1 solution

July Thomas
May 20, 2016

The second derivative is d 2 y d x 2 = x ˙ y ¨ y ˙ x ¨ x ˙ 3 \frac{d^2y}{dx^2} = \frac{ \dot{x}\ddot{y} - \dot{y} \ddot{x} } {\dot{x}^3}

Given:

x ˙ = 2 t 2 \dot{x} = 2t^2

y ˙ = 3 t 4 \dot{y} = 3t^4

Differentiate each with respect to t . t.

x ¨ = 4 t \ddot{x} = 4t

y ¨ = 12 t 3 \ddot{y} = 12t^3

Substitute these into the equation above.

d 2 y d x 2 = ( 2 t 2 ) ( 12 t 3 ) ( 3 t 4 ) ( 4 t ) ( 2 t 2 ) 3 = 24 t 5 12 t 5 8 t 6 = 12 t 5 8 t 6 = 3 2 t \frac{d^2y}{dx^2} = \frac{(2t^2)(12t^3) - (3t^4)(4t)}{(2t^2)^3} = \frac{24t^5 - 12t^5}{8t^6} = \frac{12t^5}{8t^6} = \frac{3}{2t}

Plug in t = 3 2 . t=\frac32.

d 2 y d x 2 = 3 2 ( 3 2 ) = 1 \frac{d^2y}{dx^2} = \frac{3}{2({\frac32})} = 1

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