1 + 3 ⋅ 2 2 1 + 5 ⋅ 2 4 1 + 7 ⋅ 2 6 1 + ⋯ = ln A
Find the positive integer A .
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nice! i ended up doing the reverse, i started with the series and then proved it to be equal to ln(1+x)-ln(1-x)! you can check out my solution too.
look at the summation n = 1 ∑ ∞ x 2 n − 2 = 1 − x 2 1 integrating both side we have n = 1 ∑ ∞ 2 n − 1 x 2 n − 1 = 2 ln ( ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ 1 − x 1 + x ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ) divide both sides with x and put x = 2 1 . n = 1 ∑ ∞ ( 2 n − 1 ) 2 2 n − 2 1 = 2 ∗ 2 1 ln ⎝ ⎜ ⎛ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ 1 − 2 1 1 + 2 1 ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ⎠ ⎟ ⎞ = ln ( 3 )
H e y H e r e ′ s m y t a k e
L e t P = 1 / 2 + 1 / 2 3 ⋅ 3 + 1 / 2 5 ⋅ 5 + . . .
i f w e n o t i c e c a r e f u l l y w e c a n s e e t h a t i t ′ s e q u i v a l e n t t o t h e f o l l o w i n g i n t e g r a l
I = 0 ∫ 2 1 1 + x 2 + x 4 + . . .
a p p l y i n g t h e i n f i n i t e g e o m e t r i c s u m f o r m u l a ; x ⊂ ( 0 , 1 )
I = 0 ∫ 2 1 1 − x 2 1 = l n 3
t h e i n t e g r a l b e i n g a n e a s y o n e i s l e f t a s a n e x e r c i s e f o r t h e r e a d e r
a l l w e n e e d i s t h e v a l u e o f 2 I w h i c h i s l n 3
It is very much intuitive as the series starts with 1+.... So it must be greater than 1;also notice the terms of the series decreases as we go on.Since 1+1/(3.2^2)=1.08333 ,the series should not increase so much after that(at least near to ln4=1.386..)so the only lnA remains greater than 1 is ln3.so it's ln3 & A=3.
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We know that for 0 ≤ x < 1 , { ln ( 1 + x ) = x − 2 1 x 2 + 3 1 x 3 − 4 1 x 4 + . . . ln ( 1 − x ) = − x − 2 1 x 2 − 3 1 x 3 − 4 1 x 4 − . . .
⇒ ln ( 1 + x ) − ln ( 1 − x ) = 2 ( x + 3 1 x 3 + 5 1 x 3 − 7 1 x 7 + . . . )
Putting x = 2 1 , then we have:
⇒ ln ( 1 + 2 1 ) − ln ( 1 − 2 1 ) ln ( 1 − 2 1 1 + 2 1 ) = 2 ( 2 1 + 3 ˙ 2 3 1 + 5 ˙ 2 5 1 − 7 ˙ 2 7 1 + . . . ) = 1 + 3 ˙ 2 2 1 + 5 ˙ 2 4 1 − 7 ˙ 2 6 1 + . . .
⇒ A = 1 − 2 1 1 + 2 1 = 3