Two semicircles are inscribed in trapezoid as shown above, where the smaller semicircle has diameter and the larger semicircle has diameter and and are right angles.
If , where and are coprime positive integers, find .
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Using the diagram above △ O ′ M O ∼ △ N O D ∼ △ A P O ′
Using the Pythagorean theorem on △ O M O ′ ⟹ R T = O ′ M = 4 2 5 d 2 − 4 9 d 2 = 2 d
△ O ′ M O ∼ △ N O D ⟹ 1 = 3 d 2 N D ⟹ N D = 2 3 d ⟹ C D = C N + N D = 2 7 d
△ A P O ′ ∼ △ O ′ M O ⟹ 5 = 2 O ′ P 3 d ⟹ O ′ P = 1 0 3 d ⟹
A B = R O ′ − O ′ P = 5 1 d
and 5 = A P 2 d ⟹ A P = 5 2 d = B R
⟹ B C = B R + R T + T C = 5 2 2 d
⟹ A A B C D = 2 1 ( A B + C D ) B C = 5 0 4 0 7 d 2 ⟹ d 2 A A B C D = 5 0 4 0 7 = b a
⟹ a + b = 4 5 7 .