Sequence and series (2)

Algebra Level pending

The sequence { a n } \{a_n\} is given by the recursive relation:

{ a 0 = a 0 a 1 = a 1 a n = k a n 1 a n 2 for n 2 \begin{cases} a_0=a_0 \\ a_1=a_1 \\ a_n = ka_{n-1} - a_{n-2} & \text{ for } n \ge 2 \end{cases}

The sequence is periodic when k = 2 k = \sqrt2 . Find the period.

7 16 8 14

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1 solution

Chew-Seong Cheong
Apr 24, 2020

Given that:

a n = 2 a n 1 a n 2 a n + 2 = 2 a n + 1 a n a n + 4 = 2 a n + 3 a n + 2 = 2 ( 2 a n + 2 a n + 1 ) a n + 2 = a n + 2 2 a n + 1 = 2 a n + 1 a n 2 a n + 1 = a n a n + 8 = a n + 4 = a n \begin{aligned} a_n & = \sqrt 2 a_{n-1} - a_{n-2} \\ \implies a_{n+2} & = \sqrt 2 a_{n+1} - a_n \\ a_{n+4} & = \sqrt 2 a_{n+3} - a_{n+2} \\ & = \sqrt 2\left(\sqrt 2 a_{n+2} - a_{n+1}\right) - a_{n+2} \\ & = a_{n+2} - \sqrt 2 a_{n+1} \\ & = \sqrt 2 a_{n+1} - a_n - \sqrt 2 a_{n+1} \\ & = - a_n \\ \implies a_{n+8} & = -a_{n+4} = a_n \end{aligned}

Therefore, { a n } \{a_n\} with k = 2 k=\sqrt 2 has a period of 8 \boxed 8 .

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