Sequential Parallel Resistors

A DC circuit consists of a source and a load. The source is 10 10 volts DC, with an internal resistance of 1 Ω 1 \Omega . The load consists of sequential 1 Ω 1 \Omega resistors added in parallel across the source terminals.

The following is an illustration of how the parallel load resistors are added:

  • For the 1st second of operation, the load consists of a single 1 Ω 1 \Omega resistor
  • For the 2nd second of operation, the load consists of two 1 Ω 1 \Omega resistors in parallel
  • For the 3rd second of operation, the load consists of three 1 Ω 1 \Omega resistors in parallel
  • etc.

After 100 100 seconds have passed, how many joules of energy have been dissipated in the aggregate load resistance?


The answer is 356.22.

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1 solution

Tom Engelsman
Oct 6, 2018

By Ohm's Law, this circuit's behavior is governed by:

V = I ( t ) [ r + R ( t ) ] V = I(t) \cdot [r + R(t)] (i)

where R ( t ) R(t) is the aggregate load resistance, r r the internal resistance, and I ( t ) I(t) is the current at time t t . By the parallel combination of load resistors described above, we compute 1 R ( t ) = t 1 R ( t ) = 1 t \frac{1}{R(t) } = t \cdot 1 \Rightarrow R(t) = \frac{1}{t} ohms. Solving for I ( t ) I(t) in (i) now gives:

I ( t ) = V r + R ( t ) = 10 1 + 1 t = 10 t t + 1 I(t) = \frac{V}{r+R(t)} = \frac{10}{1 + \frac{1}{t}} = \frac{10t}{t+1} (ii)

and the power dissipated in the aggregate load at time t t computes to P t = [ I ( t ) ] 2 R ( t ) = [ 10 t t + 1 ] 2 1 t = 100 t ( t + 1 ) 2 P_{t} = [I(t)]^2 \cdot R(t) = [\frac{10t}{t+1}]^2 \cdot \frac{1}{t} = \frac{100t}{(t+1)^2} . Finally, the total power dissipated in the aggregate load for the first 100 seconds of operation calculates to:

P 100 = Σ t = 1 100 P t = Σ t = 1 100 100 t ( t + 1 ) 2 = 356.22 P_{100} = \Sigma_{t=1}^{100} P_{t} = \Sigma_{t=1}^{100} \frac{100t}{(t+1)^2} = \boxed{356.22} joules.

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