Set theory

A finite set S of distinct real numbers has the following properties: the mean of S ∪ {1} is 13 less than the mean of S, and the mean of S ∪ {2001} is 27 more than the mean of S. Find the mean of S.


Source: AIME 2001.


The answer is 651.

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1 solution

Kay Xspre
Nov 18, 2015

Let S has n n members, its member denoted by x 1 , x 2 , , x n x_1, x_2,\dots,x_n , and i = 1 n x i = y \sum_{i=1}^nx_i = y . You will get the following equation:

( y + 1 n + 1 + 13 ) = y n = ( y + 2001 n + 1 27 ) (\frac{y+1}{n+1}+13) = \frac{y}{n} = (\frac{y+2001}{n+1}-27)

We resolve to find n n , which gives y + 1 + 40 ( n + 1 ) = y + 2001 y+1+40(n+1) = y+2001 or n = 49 n = 49 , then we proceed to find y y , which gives 13.02 = y 2450 13.02 = \frac{y}{2450} . What we need to find is mean of S, or y 49 \frac{y}{49} , which, when solved, gives y = 13.02 × 2450 49 = 13.02 × 50 = 651 y = 13.02\times\frac{2450}{49} = 13.02\times50 = 651

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