Sexy prime quintuplets

p p is a prime . If p + 6 p+6 , p + 12 p+12 , p + 18 p+18 , p + 24 p+24 are also primes, find p p .


The answer is 5.

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2 solutions

If p = 5 p = 5 then each of p + 6 = 11 , p + 12 = 17 , p + 18 = 23 p + 6 = 11, p + 12 = 17, p + 18 = 23 and p + 24 = 29 p + 24 = 29 is prime. To show that this is the unique solution, consider any prime p p that is not divisible by 5 5 . Then p p is equivalent to one of 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 1,2,3,4 modulo 5 5 .

  • if p 1 ( m o d 5 ) p \equiv 1 \pmod{5} then p + 24 0 ( m o d 5 ) p + 24 \equiv 0 \pmod{5} and is thus not prime

  • if p 2 ( m o d 5 ) p \equiv 2 \pmod{5} then p + 18 0 ( m o d 5 ) p + 18 \equiv 0 \pmod{5} and is thus not prime

  • if p 3 ( m o d 5 ) p \equiv 3 \pmod{5} then p + 12 0 ( m o d 5 ) p + 12 \equiv 0 \pmod{5} and is thus not prime

  • if p 4 ( m o d 5 ) p \equiv 4 \pmod{5} then p + 6 0 ( m o d 5 ) p + 6 \equiv 0 \pmod{5} and is thus not prime

So if p p is any prime other than 5 5 then one of p + 6 , p + 12 , p + 18 p + 6, p + 12, p + 18 or p + 24 p + 24 will be divisible by 5 5 , proving that p = 5 p = \boxed{5} is the unique solution.

Daniel Cortild
Jun 5, 2017

We early see that 6 , 12 , 18 , 24 6,12,18,24 are all congruent to different values mod 5 5 , and neither of them is congruent to 0 0 . Thus one of the 4 4 sums will be divisible by 5 5 if p ≢ 0 m o d 5 p\not \equiv 0 \mod 5 . But p p is prime, thus p = 5 p=5

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