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Algebra Level 3

For positive real numbers a , b , c , d , a,b,c,d, find the minimum value of the following expression:

( a + b + c + d ) ( 25 a + 36 b + 81 c + 144 d ) . \displaystyle (a+b+c+d)\Bigl( \dfrac{25}{a} + \dfrac{36}{b} +\dfrac{81}{c} +\dfrac{144}{d} \Bigr).


The answer is 1024.

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6 solutions

Aditya Raut
Jul 20, 2014

Simply apply Cauchy-Schwarz on

( 5 a , 6 b , 9 c , 12 d ) \biggl( \dfrac{5}{\sqrt{a}} , \dfrac{6}{\sqrt{b}},\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{c}} , \dfrac{12}{\sqrt{d}} \biggr) and \text{and} ( a , b , c , d ) . \Bigl( \sqrt{a},\sqrt{b},\sqrt{c},\sqrt{d} \Bigr).

Then we have ( a k a ) 2 ( k 2 a ) ( a ) , \displaystyle \biggl(\sum \sqrt{a} \dfrac{k}{\sqrt{a}}\biggr)^2 \leq \biggl( \sum \dfrac{k^2}{a} \biggr) \biggl( \sum a\biggr), so ( 5 + 6 + 9 + 12 ) 2 ( a + b + c + d ) ( 25 a + 36 b + 81 c + 12 d ) . \displaystyle (5+6+9+12)^2 \leq (a+b+c+d)\Bigl(\dfrac{25}{a} +\dfrac{36}{b} +\dfrac{81}{c} +\dfrac{12}{d} \Bigr).

Thus, the answer is 3 2 2 = 1024 . 32^2 = \boxed{1024}.

The equality occurs where 5 a = 6 b = 9 c = 12 d . \frac{5}{a}=\frac{6}{b}=\frac{9}{c}=\frac{12}{d}.

Equality case?

Cody Johnson - 6 years, 10 months ago

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a = 5 , b = 6 , c = 9 , d = 12 a=5 , b=6,c=9,d=12 ... I think you're commenting the same whenever you want to troll me or Dinesh or anyone else :P

Aditya Raut - 6 years, 10 months ago

Ya i learnt it in elementary number THEORY a very nice book

kritarth lohomi - 6 years, 4 months ago

OMG I GOT ALL THE STEPS CORRECT BUT I FORGOT THAT WE HAD TO SQUARE THE 32 IM SO FRUSTRATED

Rico Lee - 4 years, 6 months ago

What if we use rearrangement inequality?

Math Maniac - 2 years, 8 months ago

Occurs at 100, 20 and 100/17, at least.

Lu Chee Ket - 5 years, 5 months ago
Akshay Bodhare
Jan 2, 2015

Can Also be done by AM-HM

5 a 5 + 6 b 6 + 9 c 81 + 12 d 12 5 + 6 + 9 + 12 5 + 6 + 9 + 12 5 5 a + 6 6 b + 9 9 c + 12 12 d \frac {5 * \frac {a}{5}+6 * \frac {b}{6}+9 * \frac {c}{81}+12 * \frac {d}{12}}{5+6+9+12} \geq \frac {5+6+9+12}{5 * \frac {5}{a}+6 * \frac {6}{b}+9 * \frac {9}{c}+12 * \frac {12}{d}}

Equality occurs when all terms are equal

AM-HM inequality only works for positive numbers, question states for all real numbers.

Jared Low - 6 years, 4 months ago

I suppose Weighted A.M-H.M Inequality is derivative of C-S Inequality...

Kishore S. Shenoy - 5 years, 5 months ago

Nice solution. For those wondering, there are many values of a, b, c, d that will make the expression equal 1024, so long as they satisfy the equations a/5 = b/6 = c/9 = d/12.

James Wilson - 3 years, 9 months ago

Sorry....But it is not always the case that equality occurs when variables are equal...

Anubhav Mahapatra - 3 years, 7 months ago

Can it be done by rearrangememt inequality?

Math Maniac - 2 years, 8 months ago
Incredible Mind
Jan 2, 2015

i used titu's lemma .direct answer

can you explain it please

Akshay Kk - 5 years, 1 month ago

So did I! 25 = 5^2 36 = 6^2 81 = 9^2 144 = 12^2 According to Titu's lemma, 5^2/a + 6^2/b + 9^2/c + 12^2/d is greater than or equal to (5+6+9+12)^2/(a+b+c+d) = 1024/(a+b+c+d) Minimum exists when there is equality. a + b + c in the numerator and denominator cancel out, leaving us with 1024.

Hrithik Ravi - 3 years, 10 months ago

Titu's lemma is just a simple modified version of Cauchy Schwarz inequality I think.

Aravind V - 3 years, 8 months ago

why are we not using am-gm inequality? is it the reason that it will bring the minimum value sq. root of 3240 which is not an integer.....but shouldn't that be the least value??

Sohom Sen - 4 years, 9 months ago
Andrea Palma
Jan 4, 2020

It is also possible to find the minimum via the AM-GM. You can in fact multiply and get 16 terms. 4 of them are constant and the other 12 can be grouped in six pairs of the kind 36 a b + 25 b a 36 \dfrac{a}{b} + 25 \dfrac{b}{a} You then apply the AM >= GM on each of this pair (for istance you get 36 a b + 25 b a 60 36 \dfrac{a}{b} + 25 \dfrac{b}{a} \geq 60 on the pair considered above and repeat same argument for the other five pairs ) and get the upper bound 1024 (that is indeed attained).

So this problem can be solved by C-S, AM-GM, AM-HM. Can anyone find a proof involving QM-AM inequality????

Also I want to note that even with C-S(or Titu's lemma) the terms a , b , c , d a,b,c,d must be positive (at least at first glance) in order to consider the square roots a , b , c \sqrt{a}, \sqrt{b},\sqrt{c} and d \sqrt{d} . So if we want to get a proof for a , b , c , d a,b,c,d non zero reals we must find a fitting argument (is not enough to just throw in the fact that the C-S inequality works for every real numbers).

If any body saw squares and randomly tried their root as input , Its meeee !!! Got lucky

Okkk.......

Aaryan Sopiya - 1 year, 7 months ago

Ahahahaha! BTW Great intuition!

Andrea Palma - 1 year, 5 months ago
Tisya Rawat
Jan 7, 2021

I have used cauchy- schwarz inequality to solve this question.

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