Should I use trig?

Calculus Level 3

A plank is used to reach over a fence 8 ft high to support a wall that is 1 ft behind the fence. What is the length of the shortest plank that can be used? Round your answer to the nearest tenths.


Problem credit: Calculus by Anton, 10th Ed.


The answer is 11.2.

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2 solutions

Let L L be the length of the plank and x x the distance from the base of the plank to the base of the fence. Since the triangles formed by: (i) the plank, ground and fence and (ii) the plank, ground and wall, are similar, we see that

L x + 1 = x 2 + 8 2 x L = ( 1 + 1 x ) x 2 + 64 . \dfrac{L}{x + 1} = \dfrac{\sqrt{x^{2} + 8^{2}}}{x} \Longrightarrow L = \left(1 + \dfrac{1}{x}\right)\sqrt{x^{2} + 64}.

Then by the product rule we have that

d L d x = ( 1 x 2 ) x 2 + 64 + ( 1 + 1 x ) x x 2 + 64 = \dfrac{dL}{dx} = \left(-\dfrac{1}{x^{2}}\right)\sqrt{x^{2} + 64} + \left(1 + \dfrac{1}{x}\right)*\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x^{2} + 64}} =

1 x 2 + 64 ( ( x 2 + 64 ) x 2 + ( 1 + x ) ) = 1 x 2 + 64 ( 64 x 2 + x ) . \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x^{2} + 64}}\left(-\dfrac{(x^{2} + 64)}{x^{2}} + (1 + x)\right) = \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x^{2} + 64}}*\left(-\dfrac{64}{x^{2}} + x\right).

Now d L d x = 0 \dfrac{dL}{dx} = 0 when 64 x 2 = x 64 = x 3 x = 4. \dfrac{64}{x^{2}} = x \Longrightarrow 64 = x^{3} \Longrightarrow x = 4.

As we could have the plank stretch out to infinity, it is clear that the critical point at x = 4 x = 4 will yield a minimum, and this minimum is

L ( 4 ) = ( 1 + 1 4 ) 16 + 64 = 5 4 5 16 = 5 5 = 11.2 L(4) = \left(1 + \dfrac{1}{4}\right)\sqrt{16 + 64} = \dfrac{5}{4}*\sqrt{5*16} = 5\sqrt{5} = \boxed{11.2} ft. to one decimal place.

Ramiel To-ong
Jan 11, 2016

maxima and minima would also help. where a^(2/3) + b^(2/3) = c^(2/3) a = 8 b = 1 c = 11.18

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