A plank is used to reach over a fence 8 ft high to support a wall that is 1 ft behind the fence. What is the length of the shortest plank that can be used? Round your answer to the nearest tenths.
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Let L be the length of the plank and x the distance from the base of the plank to the base of the fence. Since the triangles formed by: (i) the plank, ground and fence and (ii) the plank, ground and wall, are similar, we see that
x + 1 L = x x 2 + 8 2 ⟹ L = ( 1 + x 1 ) x 2 + 6 4 .
Then by the product rule we have that
d x d L = ( − x 2 1 ) x 2 + 6 4 + ( 1 + x 1 ) ∗ x 2 + 6 4 x =
x 2 + 6 4 1 ( − x 2 ( x 2 + 6 4 ) + ( 1 + x ) ) = x 2 + 6 4 1 ∗ ( − x 2 6 4 + x ) .
Now d x d L = 0 when x 2 6 4 = x ⟹ 6 4 = x 3 ⟹ x = 4 .
As we could have the plank stretch out to infinity, it is clear that the critical point at x = 4 will yield a minimum, and this minimum is
L ( 4 ) = ( 1 + 4 1 ) 1 6 + 6 4 = 4 5 ∗ 5 ∗ 1 6 = 5 5 = 1 1 . 2 ft. to one decimal place.