A ring of radius having uniformly distributed charge is mounted on a rod suspended by two identical strings. The tension in strings in equillibrium is . Now a vertical magnetic field is switched on and the ring is rotated at constant angular velocity . Find the maximum with ehich the ring can be rotated if the strings can withstand a maximum tension of . The distance between the strings is
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If we consider a small element of the ring of angular width δ θ a a point which makes an angle θ with the upwards vertical, then there is charge 2 π δ θ C (if the total charge is C ) in that segment, moving with velocity v = r ω ( cos θ i − sin θ k ) . Since the ambient magnetic field is B = B k , this segment of the ring experiences a force δ F = 2 π δ θ C v ∧ B = − 2 π 1 C B r ω cos θ δ θ j Thus the resultant force on the ring due to the magnetic field is F = − 2 π 1 ∫ 0 2 π C B r ω cos θ d θ j = 0
On the other hand, the force on the ring segment produces a moment δ Q = r ( sin θ i + cos θ k ) ∧ δ F = 2 π 1 C B r 2 ω ( cos 2 θ i − sin θ cos θ k ) δ θ about the centre O , and so the magnetic field B generates a torque Q = 2 π 1 ∫ 0 2 π C B r 2 ω ( cos 2 θ i − sin θ cos θ k ) d θ = 2 1 C B r 2 ω i about the centre O .
We know that the weight of the rod plus ring is W = 2 T 0 . Thus we know that T 1 + T 2 = 2 T 0 2 1 D T 1 + Q = 2 1 D T 2 where D is the length of the rod, and hence T 1 = T 0 − D − 1 Q T 2 = T 0 + D − 1 Q and hence we must have D − 1 Q ≤ 2 1 T 0 , and so ω ≤ C B r 2 D T 0 With D = 5 , T 0 = 4 0 , C = 2 0 , B = 1 0 and r = 1 , we deduce that ω ≤ 1 s − 1 .