⎩ ⎪ ⎪ ⎨ ⎪ ⎪ ⎧ x 2 + y 2 + x y = 1 x 2 + z 2 + x z = 3 z 2 + y 2 + z y = 4
If x , y and z are positive real numbers satisfying the system of equations above, find ( x + y + z ) 2 .
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Where did you require cosine formula?
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just use the cosine formula to find out the length of side of the triangle.
this is called a great solution !!
⎩ ⎪ ⎨ ⎪ ⎧ x 2 + y 2 + x y = 1 ( A ) x 2 + z 2 + x z = 3 ( B ) z 2 + y 2 + z y = 4 ( C ) ( B ) − ( A ) a n d ( C − A ) y i e l d : ( z − y ) ( x + y + z ) = 2 ( a ) ( z − x ) ( x + y + z ) = 3 ( b ) D i v i d i n g ( b ) b y ( a ) ( z − y ) ( z − x ) = 3 / 2 w h i c h f u r t h e r s i m p l i f i e s t o z = 3 y − 2 x N o w p l u g g i n g t h i s v a l u e b a c k i n t o ( a ) w e o b t a i n : 4 y 2 − 5 x y + x 2 = 1 ( c ) N o w ( c ) − ( A ) ⟹ 3 y 2 = 6 x y ⟹ y = 2 x N o w z = 6 x − 2 x = 4 x P l u g g i n g i n t o ( b ) x 2 = 7 1 ⟹ x = 7 1 , y = 7 2 , z = 7 4 C h e c k i n g i f o u r s o l u t i o n i s v a l i d , 7 1 + 4 + 2 = 1 ( A ) 7 1 + 1 6 + 4 = 3 ( B ) 7 4 + 1 6 + 8 = 4 ( C ) T h u s ( x + y + z ) 2 = ( 4 9 x 2 ) = 7
When manipulating equations, we have to check if we introduced extraneous solutions.
For example, there is no solution to x 2 + x = 3 , x 2 = 2 , even though we can subtract the equations to get x = 1 .
As such, you will need to verify that the final value which you calculated is indeed a possible solution to the original system of equations.
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