Simple science

Electronegativity of Elements:

We often miscomprehend the term electronegativity and relate it to electrons and electronic configuration of an atom (afterall, this is what it's name suggests). However, to be precise, 'Electronegativity is the natural property of an atom which creates a tendency to attract electrons from other atoms.'

When it comes to the quest that from where do they get their intensities, then it is apparently doubtless, it is the number of protons that decides the tendency of attraction of electrons towards an atom. This along with the size of atom determines the electronegativity of an element.

Size of an atom also comes into consideration for it decides the nearness of an atomic nucleus to the electron of other atom i.e, The greater the size of an atom, the less closer an electron of another element is to it. Since the electrostatic field of protons feeble down as one goes away from it. But them we may wonder why then the Hydrogen atom falls so low in the electrochemical series of Elements when it has only one shell (energy level).... So here it goes: In a Hydrogen atom though the electromagnetic field is disrupted by only one shell (K- shell) still another counteracting factor present in this special atom is presence of 'only one proton' that is insufficient to create a strong field around it. While on the other hand we have elements like sodium (Na a=11, z=23) that has its electrons distributed over 3 energy levels but still it is more electronegative than H because of more number of protons present in its nucleus.

Here I conclude.