Simply Perfect

Algebra Level 4

Find all positive integers n {n} such that 3 2 n + 3 n 2 + 7 { 3 }^{ 2n }+{ 3n }^{ 2 }+7 is a perfect square.


The answer is 2.

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1 solution

Vatsalya Tandon
Dec 18, 2014

Let us consider the equation 3 2 n + 3 n 2 + 7 { 3 }^{ 2n }+{ 3n }^{ 2 }+7 equal to square of a number, suppose x 2 { x }^{ 2 }

x 2 > 3 2 n \Rightarrow { x }^{ 2 } > {3}^{2n}

x > 3 n \Rightarrow {x} > {3}^{n}

x 3 n + 1 \Rightarrow {x} \ge {3}^{n}+1

This gives us 2 equations-

3 2 n + 3 n 2 + 7 = x 2 { 3 }^{ 2n }+{ 3n }^{ 2 }+7 = { x }^{ 2 } ...1

AND

x 2 3 n + 1 2 {x}^{2} \ge {{3}^{n} + 1} ^ {2} ....2

On Equating 1 and 2-

3 2 n + 3 n 2 + 7 = 3 2 n + 2 3 n + 1 { 3 }^{ 2n }+{ 3n }^{ 2 }+7\quad =\quad { 3 }^{ 2n }+2{*3 }^{ n }+1

2. 3 n 3 n 2 + 6 \Rightarrow 2.{ 3 }^{ n }\le 3{ n }^{ 2 }+6

By Hit and Trial, we get that n < 3 {n} < {3} , Hence n = 1 {n} = {1} or n = 2 {n} = {2}

If n = 1 {n} = {1} then, 3 2 n + 3 n 2 + 7 = 19 { 3 }^{ 2n }+{ 3n }^{ 2 }+7 = 19 , which is not a perfect square.

Whereas, if n = 2 {n} = {2} then, 3 2 n + 3 n 2 + 7 = 100 { 3 }^{ 2n }+{ 3n }^{ 2 }+7 = 100 which is a perfect square of 10 .

Hence, n = 2 {n} = {2} is the only solution.

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