The sum of an arithmetic progression with three terms is . If the sum of their squares is , find the smallest number in this progression.
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Let a be the middle term and d the common difference, then the progression is a − d , a , a + d .
So we have
a − d + a + a + d = 6 6 ⟹ a = 2 2 .
The three terms are 2 2 − d , 2 2 , 2 2 + d . Therefore,
( 2 2 − d ) 2 + 2 2 2 + ( 2 2 + d ) 2 = 1 6 9 4 ⟹ 2 2 2 − 4 4 d + d 2 + 2 2 2 + 2 2 2 + 4 4 d + d 2 = 1 6 9 4 ⟹ 1 4 5 2 + 2 d 2 = 1 6 9 4 ⟹ d 2 = 1 2 1 ⟹ d = ± 1 1
If d = 1 1 , the terms are 1 1 , 2 2 , 3 3 .
If d = − 1 1 , the terms are 3 3 , 2 2 , 1 1 .
Thus, the smallest number in this progression is 1 1 .